从《启示录》到革命书——郑振铎《灰色马》中的思想论辩

From Revelation to Revolution: Research on the Intellectual Debates in Zheng Zhenduo’s The Pale Horse

《灰色马》是郑振铎于1922年翻译的一部'信仰加革命'小说,主人公佐治和佛尼埃依据圣经尤其是《启示录》展开论辩,由此构成了这部作品的思想基础。本文以'互文性'方法分析郑译小说与圣经文本之间的衍生关系,进而探讨这部小说在新文化运动语境中的文化接受状况。笔者发现,郑振铎的译本通过对圣经的引用、改写或引申等多重手段,将《启示录》的宗教寓意做了世俗化的政治解读,从而认同并强调了佐治决绝的革命精神。在郑振铎看来,方兴未艾的新文化运动面临着与《启示录》相似的决断时刻,故佐治的精神应该成为中国青年的榜样。由此,郑振铎的译作完成了从《启示录》、政治变革到思想变革的内在转换。

The Pale Horse was a novel of'religion and revolution'translated by Zheng Zhenduo in 1922.The debates that the two protagonists,George and Vania,have concerning the Bible,and the Book of Revelation in particular,form the intellectual foundation for this novel.This present paper uses an intertextual approach to analyze the relationship between Zheng Zhenduo’s translation and the original Scriptures,and investigate the cultural reception of the translated novel in the context of the New Culture Movement.By quoting,rewriting and extending the original meaning of Bible,Zheng Zhenduo’s translation provided a secular,political interpretation of the religious message of Revelation,emphasizing the revolutionary spirit of the character George.For Zheng as translator,the rising New Culture Movement faced a decisive moment similar to that of the book of Revelation,and George’s spirit offered a model for Chinese youth.In his translation,Zheng Zhenduo accomplished a significant shift from the Book of Revelation and political revolution to intellectual reform.