教学困境还是范式转换?——基于概论课“课堂沉默”的探讨

Teaching Predicament or Paradigm Shift? Discussion Based on“Classroom Silence”of Outline Courses

课堂是教师与学生交流、互动的最主要场所。然而,在"概论课"课堂教学中,"低头族"现象越来越突出,学生缺乏课堂参与的主动性和积极性,课堂气氛沉闷,教学效果不佳;这种现象被称为"课堂沉默"。笔者通过对学生的深入访谈发现,导致当前"概论课"课堂沉默的因素包括学生的学习观、学习方式和课程印象;教师的教学理念、教学组织形式、语言特点和性格魅力;社会转型期的多元化价值趋向、智能手机的飞速发展等等。因此,需要综合多方面因素,转变以教师教为主的教学理念,逐步建立以学生为中心的参与式教学理念,充分调动学生的积极性和兴趣;同时精心设计教学内容和教学环节,实现"概论课"教学内容理论性、实用性、趣味性和参与性的统一。

Classroom is the most important place of communication and interaction between teachers and students.However, in the actual classroom of"Introduction to Mao Zedong Thought and Theoretical System of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics", the problem was becoming more and more serious, that is, students remained silent, and were unwilling to involve in classroom teaching activities. The lack of initiative and enthusiasm in the classroom participation led to a dull classroom atmosphere and less effective teaching, which is referred to as "classroom silence". Further interviews indicated that three elements, including students, teachers and social environment,account for"classroom silence", which involves, firstly, the students’ learning attitude and conception, their method of learning, as well as their impression of the course, secondly, the teachers’ principles and organizational of teaching, and also the personality charm of teachers, and thirdly, the social environment with diversified value orientation in the social transition period, the rapid development of smart-mobile-phone, and so on. To solve this problem, we should change the teaching principle from teacher-centered to learner-centered by arousing the enthusiasm of students; meanwhile, we should optimize the teaching content to integrate theorization, practicability,interest and participation.