我国台湾地区人民观审制度研究(一)

On the System of People’s View of Justice in Taiwan Region (Ⅰ)

让不具法律专业的一般民众参与刑事审判程序,是现代法治社会的共同趋势,依人民参与程度而有不同的表现方式,有陪审制、参审制等。我国台湾地区在参酌世界各国和地区法制演进趋势的背景之下,在既有的法制基础上,研议有关民众参与刑事审判的相关法制,提出了'人民观审制度'。人民观审制度可能达到的成效有三:一是提高司法的透明度,提升人民对司法的信赖。二是审判庭多元的组成,使判决结果能贴近民意。三是发挥法治教育功能,增进人民对司法的了解。笔者在介绍这一制度的基础上,结合台湾地区的社情,对该制度进行评释。受版面所限,全文分两部分刊出,第一部分就立法构想与立法目的进行释解;第二部分就观审组织、观审员的权利义务、观审的案件及其审判程序等进行评释,并就整体规范加以综合评价,提出相关建议,以供学界和实务界参考。

Involving the general public without legal professional background in the criminal trial procedure is a common trend in the modern society of ruling by law usually in the forms of jury system,assessor system,etc,depending on the different levels of the people’s participation.In the Taiwan Region of our country,after deliberating on the world legal system evolution and the trend of the background of different countries and regions,the so-called"People View Jury System"was put forward based on the consideration of people participating in related legal system of the criminal trial in the existing legal system."People View Jury System"may achieve three positive results:one is to improve the judicial transparency,enhancing people’s trust in the judiciary.another is multiple party trial court,making the verdict close to the public.Still another is to play the function of law education,upgrading people’s understanding of justice.On the basis of describing the system as well as the social situation in Taiwan,the author evaluated the system.Due to space constraints,the full text is divided into two parts,first part printed in this issue is to explain the legislation and legislative purposes;the second part to be printed in the next issue is to interpret and evaluate the"People View Jury System"trial organization,members’rights and obligations and trial cases and procedures,offer a comprehensive evaluation the overall norms and standards and put forward some relevant suggestions for law academics and practitioners.