人参及其伪品的鉴别

The Identification Of Ginseng and How to Recognize Its counterfeit Species

人参为常用中药,既能大补元气、复脉固脱,为拯危就脱要药;又能补肺脾心肾气虚证,为补气要药。人参最早载于《神农本草经》,列为上品。《中华人民共和国药典》历次版本均有收载,其植物来源为五加科植物人参的干燥根。市场上伪品有:商陆科植物商陆或垂序商陆的干燥根、茄科植物华山参的干燥根、豆科植物野豇豆的干燥根、马齿苋科植物锥花土人参的干燥根、菊科植物山窝苣的干燥根、桔梗科植物桔梗的干燥根等。目前,常采用性状鉴别,显微鉴别等方法鉴别其真伪,为人参质量控制提供参考,及时有效地把住质量关。

Ginseng is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine. It is the most important TMC which can supplement qi and blood in emergency. It is helpful to recover the qi of primordial,lung,spleen,heart and kidney. It was recorded in Shen Nong’ s Herbal Classic and ranked as top grade. Ginseng are the roots of Panax Ginseng CAMey,that are recorded in China Pharmacopeia in all versions. The counterfeit species including: the roots of Phytolacca acinosa Roxb and Phytolacca americana; Physochlaine infundibularis Kuang,Vigna vexillata( L.); Benth.,Talinum paniculatum( Jacq.); Gaertn.,Lactuca indica L. and Platycodon grandiflorum( Jacq.). It can be identified by means of morphological identification,microscopical identification etc. They are both effective method for its quality control.