驳“日本有条件投降”论

An Argument against the Assertion of "Japan's conditional surrender"

第二次世界大战日本无条件投降后,日本保守派和右翼势力经常提出无条件投降的仅仅是日本军队,不包括日本天皇和日本政府。伴随着日本执政党领导人极力推进解禁日本集体自卫权的进程,鼓吹"日本有条件投降"的论调更是沉渣泛起。日本是有条件投降还是无条件投降的争论持续不断。这场争论关乎日本是否享有剩余主权废弃和平宪法的问题,涉及到东京审判中审判日本内阁官员的合法性问题。本文认为,无条件投降不受"双边无条件"的限制;《波茨坦公告》确认《开罗宣言》各项条款必须履行,而《开罗宣言》的核心内容之一就是要求日本无条件投降;日本的无条件投降并不限于日本军队,也包括日本天皇和日本政府;同盟国不攫取日本固有领土、承认战后日本国体的宗旨早在日本提出"保留"之前就已经确定,与日本最终提出"不变更天皇统治大权"毫无关系。

After Japan proclaimed the unconditional surrender in the Second World War,the Japanese right-wing often put forward that the unconditional surrender can only be applied to Japanese army rather than the emperor of Japan and the Japanese government.With the process of Japaneses ruling party leader's strongly promoting to end the ban on exercising right of 'collective self-defence',the move has triggered large scale of protests in Japan.The debate on whether Japan's surrender was conditional or unconditional continues.It is about whether Japan enjoys residual sovereignty to abandon the peace constitution,which relates to the legitimacy of the Japanese cabinet officials in the Tokyo Trials.This article argues that the unconditional surrender is not under the limitation of the ' bilaterally unconditional';The ' Potsdam declaration' confirmed that the terms of the ' Cairo Declaration' shall be carried out and one of its core contents was the requirement of the unconditional surrender of Japan;Japan's unconditional surrender was not only applied to the Japanese army,but also the emperor of Japan and the Japanese government;The purpose that the Allies did not grab the inherent territory of Japan and admitted the polity of the postwar Japan had been identified before Japan put forward a 'reservation',thus had nothing to do with Japan's proposation about ' Don't change the rule of the emperor in power'.