对美国国务院报告质疑中国南海断续线的评析与辩驳

A Commentary and Refutation of the US State Department's Report on China's Dashed-Line in the South China Sea

2014年12月5日,美国国务院发表研究报告,对中国南海断续线提出质疑,认为断续线的性质既非"国界线",也非"历史性主张线",只可能是"岛屿归属线"。此份报告忽视中国长期开发、利用和管理南海的历史事实,其国际法论证存在缺陷。本文在梳理美国报告有关论据的基础上,以美国报告中对其基本结论起决定性作用的四个关键问题为切入点,分析其存在的事实错误和国际法错误。事实上,中国既对断续线内的岛、礁、滩、沙主张主权,还对线内相关海域拥有历史性权利。美国报告对断续线的质疑并不足以否定中国在南海所享有的主权权利及其他海洋权益。

The US Department of State published a report aimed at questioning China's dashed-line in the South China Sea on Dec.5,2014.The report holds the view that the dashed-line is neither a 'national boundary' or a 'historic claim',but could only be a 'claim to islands'.With neglect of the fact that China enjoys a long history on developing,using and managing the South China Sea,its argumentation based on international law is defective and flawed.This essay will appraise this report from four key questions and analyze the errors of fact and misinterpretation of international law within its argumentation.As a matter of fact,China not only enjoys sovereignty over the islands and other natural features enclosed by the dashed-line,but also has historic rights in relevant waters.The challenges on the dashed-line by the US report are not sufficient to deny sovereign rights and other maritime rights and interests of China.