欧盟消费者在线争议解决机制的新发展——2013年《欧盟消费者在线争议解决条例》述评

The New Developments of Consumer ODR Mechanism in EU:A Brief Review on the EU Regulation on Consumer ODR of 2013

由于电子商务的发展和传统争议解决机制的缺陷,为发挥ODR机制有效、便捷地解决消费者争议的优势,欧盟于2013年5月21日通过了《欧盟消费者ODR条例》。该条例旨在通过设立ODR平台,借助于ADR机构来法庭外解决商家和消费者之间因跨境在线销售合同和在线服务合同引发的争议以及成员国国内的在线交易争议,不仅丰富和发展了欧盟的消费者争议解决机制,而且在ODR平台的设立、ODR机制裁决结果的执行、消除ODR服务中的语言障碍以及官方推动ODR机制的发展等方面对完善我国电子商务ODR机制具有借鉴意义。

In the light of the development of e-commerce and the defects of traditional dispute resolution mechanisms,the European Parliament and the Council,aiming at playing ODR's effective and convenient advantages in resolution of consumer disputes,adopted on 21 May 2013,the EU Regulation on consumer ODR which consists of 3 chapters and 22 articles.This Regualtion applies to out-of-court resolution of disputes of domestic online transactions as well as the disputes concerning contractual obligations stemming from online sales or service contracts between a consumer resident in the Union and a trader established in the Union through the intervention of ADR entity,which not only enriches and develops the consumer dispute resolution mechanisms in EU,but also provides a reference for the improvement of ODR in China's e-commerce in many aspects such as the establishment of ODR platform,the implementation of results arising out of ODR,the elimination of language barriers in ODR services as well as the official promotion of the development of ODR.