敦煌石窟彩塑艺术试论——对莫高窟第159窟彩塑造像的几点认识

The Sculptures of Dunhuang Grottoes——Understanding Sculpture Images of Cave 159 at Mogao Caves

莫高窟吐蕃期洞窟第159窟彩塑一铺保存较为完好,属敦煌石窟中唐彩塑艺术的代表作。该铺造像较之敦煌同时代或更早时期(初盛唐)的彩塑造像,更加富有个性化的艺术特征,人物服饰变化比较大,艺术风格与表现形式均发生了一定的变化。艺术反映历史,通过对该铺造像的分析,结合敦煌当时的历史背景,表现出吐蕃统治时期敦煌石窟彩塑艺术的新特征。另一方面,该铺造像相互之间艺术表现样式与造像特征的区别与变化,属敦煌彩塑艺术所鲜见,究其原因,则很有可能是受到有唐一代艺术家相互之间竞争风气影响的结果。

The sculpture images of six statues in the cave 159 are the representative work of all the sculptures at Dunhuang grottoes,which were made in Middle Tang Period.Compare with the contemporary or early time sculptures,these six statues have more individual artistic characteristics——a great change in the clothes,a certain extent changes in the special artistic style and representation.After analysing the six statues and relative historical background,we can see the new features of the Middle Tang sculptures in Dunhuang.On the other hand,there are different artistic features among the six statues,which are rare to see in Dunhuang caves,maybe influenced by the competitions among the artists during the Tang Dynasty.