北朝至隋唐时期佛教寺院的考古学研究——以塔、殿、院关系的演变为中心

The Research of Buddhist Temples from Northern Dynasty to Sui and Tang Dynasties——Focus on the Evolvement among of Pagoda,Hall and Courtyard

20世纪70年代以来,考古学者先后发现并发掘了多座北朝—隋唐时期的佛教寺院遗址,这些具有皇家或官方背景的国家大寺揭示了中国古代佛教寺院由'前塔后殿'向'多院多殿'式布局的发展趋势,其深层次的原因则是北方佛学由早期盛行的'释迦信仰'和注重禅修向隋唐宗派分立、崇拜多元的嬗变。

Since 1970s,a series of Buddhist temples from Northern Dynasty to Sui and Tang Dynasties have been discovered and excavated by archaeologists.These temples which have a royal or official background reveal a trend:the pagodas usually occupy the central position in the layout of early temples,and the halls were built in the back of the pagodas.But layout of multi-hall and multi-courtyard became mainstream trend gradually at the beginning of Sui and Tan Dynasties.The deep-seated reason derived from the evolvement is that the belief of Sakyamuni and meditation were extremely popular in Northern Dynasty,whereas all sorts of Buddhist Sects were established and the subjects of worship unfolded diversity in Sui and Tang Dynasties.