银川所出西夏佛教造像

The Buddha Statue Artistic Style of Xixia Dynasty in Yinchuan

宏佛塔与山嘴沟石窟是西夏中晚期的佛教遗迹,二十世纪八十年代以来对宏佛塔和山嘴沟石窟进行了清理维修及调查测绘工作,宏佛塔所出绘画与泥塑及山嘴沟石窟壁画所反映的佛教艺术风格,给研究西夏文物和西夏历史特别是西夏佛教史迹的工作,提供了重要的第一手资料。宏佛塔与山嘴沟石窟中的佛像着衣,主要有袒右式、中衣搭肘式和中衣直裰式三种。炽盛光佛变相图中主尊所着袒右式佛衣以及构图形式的变化、中衣搭肘式佛衣和中衣直裰式僧衣在宋辽金时期的普遍流行,进一步说明西夏佛像艺术的发展在一定程度上承袭唐宋文化。

Hongfo Tower and Shanzuigou Cave temple Buddhist relics belonged to the middle and late period of Xixia Dynasty.Some work about the relics of cleaning,maintenance,investigation,surveying and mapping was done since 1980s.The Buddhist art style reflected by the painting and sculpture of Hongfo Tower and the frescoes of Shanzuigou Cave temple,provided a valuable first-hand information to research the cultural relics and history of Xixia Dynasty,especially the Buddhist relics of Xixia Dynasty.The Buddhist clothing of Hongfo Tower and Shanzuigou had three types,the bare right arm style,the underclothing resting on the elbow style,the underclothing with collars and sleeves.The main statue in the Glowing Buddha Illustration wore the bare right arm style clothing,and the composition form of the Illustration had many changes.Others,the clothing having the underclothing resting on the elbow style and the underclothing with collars and sleeves style were very popular in Song,Liao,and Jin Dynasties.They all indicated that the development of Xixia Buddhist art inherited the culture of Tang and Song Dynasties to a certain extent.