枣缩果病果实内微生物多样性的研究

Diversity analysis of microbial community in Ziziphus jujube suffered from jujube shrink disease

比较七月鲜枣缩果病果实与健康果实内微生物的多样性,探讨枣缩果病与枣果实内微生物群落之间的关系。结果表明:在枣果微生物种群中,真菌是优势类群,株数占58.06%~60.98%,比细菌多出近20%,无放线菌。在幼果期,相对多度最高的4个属依次是交链孢属Alternaria、茎点霉属Phoma、青霉属Penicillium和曲霉属Aspergillus;白熟期后,有8个属的真菌属于优势类群,相对多度最高的4个属依次为交链孢属、茎点霉属、枝孢属Cladosporium和单格孢属Ulocladium,镰刀菌属Fusarium、盾壳霉属Coniothyrium和曲霉属次之,而且病果中优势菌株的相对多度大于健果。果实发病后真菌占微生物的比例下降,细菌上升,而健果中则相反。健果中真菌微生物群落的多样性和均匀性高于病果,随着果实的不断成熟,该趋势越明显。

The aim of the study is to learn the microbial community diversity in both healthy fruit of Ziziphus jujube var.qiyuexian and infected fruit of jujube shrink disease and preliminarily reveal the correlation between the microbial community and the disease.The result showed that 58.06%-60.98%of the microbes isolated in the jujube fruit was fungi,about 20%more than bacteria,and actinomycetes were not isolated.At the stage of young fruit,there were four genera with the highest relative abundance which were orderly Alternaria,Phoma,Penicillium and Aspergillus.When the fruit entered the whiteripening stage,the dominant genera had risen to eight.The four genera with the highest relative abundance wmzh were orderly Alternaria,Phoma,Cladosporium and Ulocladium,Fusarium,Coniothyrium and Aspergillus were common at the stage.The relative abundance of the most dominant genera in diseased fruit was larger than that of healthy fruit.Fungi rate of microorganism on diseased fruit showed a declined tendency while the bacteria showed a decrease tendency.In the healthy fruit,the reverse happened.Both richness index and evenness index of fungi community in healthy fruit were larger than those in diseased fruit.With the fruit ripening,this trend was becoming more obvious.