黄河上游西柳沟流域水沙置换模式的初步研究

A Preliminary Study of the Yellow River Upstream Xiliu Gully Soil and Water Conservation Management

以西柳沟为代表的十大孔兑位于内蒙古鄂尔多斯市,是造成黄河宁蒙段及黄河下游河道淤积的主要泥沙来源区。随着经济发展,水资源短缺已经成为限制鄂尔多斯市经济社会进一步发展的主要因素,受农业水权转换思路的启发,当地提出水沙置化的思路。即由企业投资3.8亿元,在流域内修建淤地坝180座,通过节约黄河输沙水量,换取用水指标,解决企业严重缺水的的问题。经研究表明,西柳沟水沙置换项目可拦截泥沙310×104t,黄河干流可减淤95×10~4t,置换黄河下游冲沙用水2 850 t,具有良好的经济,生态,社会效益。若能处理好水资源统一分配框架下的黄河水权分配的问题,则西柳沟水沙置换项目是一举多得的有益探索与尝试。

The Xiliu Gully,a small watershed located in the city of Eerduosi,is a serious soil erosion region and the soil and water conservation management is at a low level. With the development of economy and society of Eerduosi,the problem of water shortage has become a bottle neck of further development. Aroused by the exchange of water consumption right from agriculture to industry,under the leadership of the local government,supported by 0. 38 billion RMB yuan from local enterprises,180 warping dams will be built. By saving water of the Yellow River sediment,in exchange for water indicators,solve the problem of enterprise of severe water shortages. The research shows that when the dams are completely built,the amount of sedimentation reduction of the Yellow River will reach 0. 95 million tons,which can retain 3. 1 million tons of sediment and save 28. 50 million m? of water used for transporting the sediment in the Lower Yellow River. The saved water will play an important part in the development of the local industry.