气候变化背景下西北干旱区旱涝的变化规律

Spatial- temporal Characteristics of Drought and Flood under Climate Change in the Northwest Arid Area

在全球气候变化的背景下,旱涝灾害时常出现。以西北干旱区为研究对象,从旱涝灾害的角度出发,在研究区选取30个气象站点,以站点1961~2010年的月降水量资料、2009年GDP数据、2000年土地利用数据为基础,根据旱涝Z指数计算得出Z值并划分旱涝等级,分析时间和空间变化特征。研究表明,西北干旱区旱涝灾害高区域为新疆北疆的天山山脉两侧和南疆塔里木盆地西部边缘和甘肃的武威地区。针对旱涝灾害提出防御措施,有助于减少灾害造成的损失,为经济稳定发展做出贡献。

In recent years, under the background of global climate change, drought and flood often appear. In this paper, regards the arid region of Northwest China as the research object and starts from the perspective of drought and flood. Firstly the research chooses 30 meteorological stations in the arid region of Northwest China. Next calculates the Z number, and divides drought and flood lev-el according to Z index on the basis of monthly precipitation data of 1961 to 2010 , GDP data of 2009, and land utilization data of 2000 of meteorological stations, and then analyses the variable characteristics of time. Some conclusions have been researched as follows: high regions of droughts and floods in northwest arid area are on sides of the Tianshan Mountains in northern Xinjiang, the western edge of the Tarim Basin in southern Xinjiang and Wuwei region of Gansu province. Putting forward defensive measure to cope with droughts and floods of arid region of Northwest China in order to decrease the losses.