论商标许可人的产品责任

On the Product Liability Undertaken by Trademark Licensors

商标的识别功能和品质保证功能使商标成为商品质量和信誉的象征。《商标法》规定了商标许可人对商标使用人的产品质量监督义务,目的在于维持商标信誉,最终保护消费者的信赖利益和合法权益。基于商标的功能及侵权责任法上的危险控制理论和报偿理论,商标许可人应该对产品缺陷造成的损害承担和生产者相同的直接侵权责任,适用无过错归责原则,并享有对产品最终生产者和有过错销售者的追偿权。我国法释[2002]22号规定存在概念模糊的缺陷,容易造成混淆与误解,未来立法应当进行相应完善。

With the recognition function and quality assurance,the trademark becomes symbol of commodity quality and credibility. Trademark law,stipulating the obligation of the trademark licensors' monitor of the commodity quality on the trademark users,aims at maintaining the trademark reputation and protection consumers' legal rights and interests. Based on trademark function and theory of risk control and compensation in Tort Liability Law,according to no fault liability principle,the trademark licensor should undertake the same direct infringement liability with producers for the damages due to product defects,and also enjoy the right of recourse to the ultimate producer and fault sellers. With fuzzy concepts in No. 22 rule of China's law [2002],it can easily cause confusion and misunderstanding so that the future legislation should make corresponding improvement.