小剂量阿司匹林在预防性治疗妊娠期高血压疾病对胎盘病理的影响

Effect of Low-dose Aspirin on Placental Pathology in Prophylactic Treatment of Hypertensive Disorder Complicating Pregnancy

目的:探讨小剂量阿司匹林在预防性治疗妊娠期高血压疾病(HDCP)中对胎盘病理及母婴结局的影响。方法:将有HDCP高危因素的360例孕妇按照随机数字表法分为对照组(n=180)和观察组(n=180),对照组定期孕检和监护,观察组在对照组基础上给予小剂量阿司匹林,终止妊娠后比较两组胎盘病理改变情况及母婴结局。结果:观察组子宫胎盘细胞滋养细胞、合体细胞结节、绒毛血管减少或淤血、纤维素样坏死、胎盘部分梗死、钙盐沉着和急性动脉粥样硬化发生率均低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组孕妇和新生儿结局均优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:小剂量阿司匹林可减少有HDCP高危因素孕妇胎盘病理发生。

Objective:To explore the effect of low-dose aspirin on placental pathology in prophylactic treatment of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy(HDCP). Methods: 360 pregnant women with risk factors for HDCP were divided into control group(n=180) and observation group(n=180) by the random number table method. Control group was given regular pregnancy test and care, and,observation group was given low-dose aspirin on this basis. After termination of pregnancy, pathological changes of placentas and maternal-infant outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results:The incidence rates of uterine placenta cytotrophoblasts, syncytial nodules, villous vascular decline or congestion, fibrinoid necrosis, partial placental infarction, calcinosis and acute atherosclerosis in observation group were all lower than those in control group(P<0.05). The maternal-infant outcomes in observation group were better than those in control group(P<0.05). Conclusion: Low-dose aspirin can reduce the placental pathology of pregnant women with high-risk factors of HDCP.