MicroRNA对缺血性脑卒中自噬调控作用的研究进展

Research progress of microRNA on the regulation of autophagy in ischemic stroke

脑卒中可造成严重的脑部损伤,是人类第二大死亡原因。患者中,缺血性脑卒中更为常见,其发病机制复杂,近年的研究提示细胞自噬参与其中。自噬是一种通过自身降解异常蛋白和受损细胞器维持细胞内环境稳态的分解代谢途径,该过程受基因调控,可抵抗缺血性脑卒中造成的缺血缺氧环境,维持存活状态,但过度的自噬也可直接导致细胞死亡。MicroRNA是一种非编码RNA,可通过与mRNA反向结合,从基因水平上调控多种细胞活动。microRNA可通过对自噬过程的调节而参与缺血性脑卒中多种病理过程的调节。但microRNA在缺血性脑卒中自噬过程中的作用还未完全明晰。本文汇总近年来此领域的最新研究进展,旨在为缺血性脑卒中的基础研究与临床应用奠定理论基础。

Stroke,the second leading cause of death in the world,can lead severe brain impairment.Among patients,ischemic stroke is the most common form with complex pathogenesis,in which autophagy is suggested to be involved.Autophagy is a metabolic pathway that maintains the steady state of the cell environment through its degradation of abnormal proteins and damaged organelles.Via the process,cells can resist the ischemic and hypoxic stress caused by ischemic stroke.MicroRNA is a non-coding RNA that regulates multiple cells activities from the genetic level by inversely binding to mRNA.Recent studies proved that microRNA plays causal roles through regulating autophagy process in ischemic stroke.Herein we summarized the latest studies of this field to illustrate the effects and the underlying mechanism of microRNA on stroke pathogenesis.