根际促生菌提高水稻对非生物胁迫耐受性的研究进展

Progress in plant growth promoting rhizobacteria to enhance abiotic stress tolerance in rice

随着极端气候的不断出现和环境污染的日益严重,水稻在种植过程中受到了多种非生物胁迫(如干旱、重金属和高盐等),导致生长受到抑制,产量降低。近些年,减缓胁迫影响的技术受到越来越多的关注,根际促生菌(PGPR)作为从根际土壤中筛选出的微生物,可有效降低非生物胁迫对水稻生长的影响。它们不仅能够通过自身的生理特性阻碍重金属迁移,减轻重金属对水稻的毒害作用,还能通过产1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸脱氨酶、嗜铁素、植物激素或固氮解磷解钾作用,使水稻在形态或生理等方面发生改变,从而提高对重金属、干旱、高盐等非生物胁迫的耐性,促进其生长。该文介绍了PGPR及其种类,并对非生物胁迫下PGPR提高水稻耐受性的研究进展进行总结,为进一步研究和利用PGPR缓解非生物胁迫对水稻的影响提供参考。

With the intensified emergence of extreme climate and increasing environmental pollution,rice can be subjected to a variety of abiotic stresses(such as drought,heavy metals and high salinity)during planting,resulting in growth inhibition and reduced yield.In recent years,technologies of alleviating the adverse effects of stress have received more and more attention.The plant growth promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR),which are isolated from the rhizosphere soil,can efficiently decrease the adverse effects of abiotic stresses on rice growth.They can not only hinder the migration of heavy metals through its own physiological characteristics,but also alleviate the toxic effects of heavy metals on rice.In addition,they are able to influence the morphological and physiological features of rice through the production of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid(ACC)deaminase,ferricin and plant hormones or nitrogen fixation,phosphate and potassium solubilization.These direct or indirect effects enhance the tolerance of rice towards abiotic stresses such as heavy metals,drought and high salinity,and thereby promote the rice growth.In this article,we introduce the PGPR as well as their species,and review the applications of PGPR in improving rice tolerance under abiotic stress,which may provide some references for further research and application of PGPR in this field.