彝族史诗《梅葛》中的“牺牲”母题研究——以虎化万物为例

On the Motif of“Sacrifice”in Yi Epic Meige——Take the Tiger's Carcass Create the World as an Example

根据彝族史诗《梅葛》第一部分"创世"的记载,老虎被杀来创造万物,它的眼睛、骨头和肩膀分别被用来作为日月、撑天的柱子和四方的方向,它的血肉皮毛化为了草木等物,它身上的虱子和虱子蛋则变作了牛羊之类的动物。这一牺牲母题在西南少数民族和世界其他地区的创世神话中多有出现,它作为人类集体无意识的表现,折射出了彝族人民身上的美好品德与悲剧意识。

According to the first section of Yi epic "Meige",the tiger was killed to create the world,not only its eyes and bones was used as sun,moon and support pillars of the heavens,but also its shoulder become four points of the earth.Its flesh and fur become grasses and wood,even lice and lice eggs of tiger’s also turned into cattle and sheep.The motif of sacrifice often appeared on creation myths of southwest ethnic minority areas and other parts of the world.It is exhibition of collective unconscious,which reflects the Yi People's virtues and tragedy consciousness.