环境规制工具对技术创新的差异化影响

Differentiated Impacts of Environmental Regulation Instruments on Technological Innovation

运用2003年~2010年中国省际面板数据检验各类环境规制工具对技术创新的影响,结果显示:已得到良好实施的命令控制型规制工具对技术创新的影响不显著;市场激励型规制工具在短期内会抑制技术创新,但这种抑制效果逐渐减弱并转而促进技术创新;公众参与型规制工具对技术创新能起到立竿见影的效果,但长期来看这种促进效应不显著甚至会抑制创新。研究还发现:较之污染治理,投资于环保系统人力资源能更有效地促进创新;经济发展水平与技术创新呈“U”型曲线关系。因此,应根据各类规制工具对技术创新影响的差异制定相应的对策。

Using the inter-provincial panel data of China from 2003 to 2010,this paper tests regulation instruments' influence on technological innovation. It finds that: the influence of the Command-control instrument which has been well executed is not significant; the Market-incentives instrument inhibits innovation in the short term,but promotes innovation in the long run; the Public-participation instrument is on the contrary. It also finds that the investment on environmental pollution control has a little influence on innovation,while the investment on human resources has a significant influence,and the relationship between the level of economic development and technological innovation presents a 'U'shape curve. So,corresponding countermeasures should be taken according to the different technological innovation impacts caused by various regulation instruments.