基因芯片及其应用

Gene Chips and Their Applications

基因芯片又称DNA微矩阵,是一种分析大量复杂生物样品的有效工具。它可以通过光引导聚合技术、电压打印或人工直接点样制备。光蚀刻技术可以使探针密度达到106/cm2。它们可以被广泛地应用于DNA序列测定、新基因的检测和突变基因的分析。在医学上,基因芯片可以被用于癌症的诊断,传染病疾病如AIDS和肝炎等的早期检测。它在新药开发上也有巨大的市场。

Gene chips or DNA microarrays are powerful tools for analyzing massive and complicated bi-ological samples.They can be made by light-directed synthesis,piezoelectric printing or robotic depositing DNA probes on silica and glass slides.The density of probes can reach106/cm2by using photolithography.Gene chips can be widely used for sequencing of DNA,and for detecting new genes and mutations.They can also be employed for medical purposes such as diagnosis of cancers and infectious diseases(e.g.AIDS and hepatitis virus),and for developing new medicines.