食品中全氟烷基化合物的污染现状

Pollution status of perflurorinated alkylated substances(PFASs)in foodstuffs

全氟烷基化合物(perflurorinated alkylated substances,PFASs)是一类人工合成的脂肪烃类化合物,自20世纪50年代合成以来,该类化合物以其优良的稳定性及表面活性作为加工助剂被应用于多种民用及工业领域。近年来研究发现,在空气、沉积物、饮用水、海水和食品等多种基质中均可检测出全氟类化合物,说明其已在生态系统中造成较为严重的污染。作为一类新型持久性污染物,全氟烷基化合物已引起了科学和法规上的研究兴趣。目前对食品中PFASs的污染调查主要集中在动物源性食品中,而对植物源性食品的调查尚缺乏。本文综述了中国及其他国家市场食品中全氟化合物的污染水平,比较国内外各种食品中全氟化合物污染水平的差异,并通过文献报道的污染水平对当地居民存在的健康风险进行评估,为全面了解并控制PFASs污染提供基础依据。

Perflurorinated alkylated substances (PFASs) are a group of man-made fluorinated aliphatic compounds. Due to their special stability and surfactivity, PFASs has been used in industrial and commercial field, as the processing aids since manufactured in 1960s. Recently PFASs have been detected in a variety of matrices such as air, sediment, drinking water and seawater, and so on. It means that this class of compounds has caused serious pollution in ecosystem. As a kind of emerging persistent pollutant, PFASs has attracted a great deal of scientific and regulatory interests. Currently, a investigation of PFASs is particularly focused on animal-originated food, but there is less attempt focusing on plant-originated food. This paper summarized the pollution levels of perflurorinated alkylated substances in foodstuffs from China and other countries, compared the differences pollution levels of perflurorinated alkylated substances in domestic and foreign countries, and according to the concentration of PFASs in literatures, it also described the health risk associated with local residents with the aim of providing a basis for fully understanding and controlling PFASs pollution.