功能纳米材料在食品污染物检测中应用的研究进展

Research progress of application of functional nanomaterials in detection of food contaminants

食品污染物作为食品安全问题的主要来源之一,严重威胁着人民群众的身体健康。发展快速、灵敏且专一的食品污染物检测技术是当今食品科学界所关注的热点问题之一。功能纳米材料研究的快速发展为食品污染物检测方法的创新提供了很好的理论基础和技术支持。基于功能纳米材料开发的检测新技术具有准确、灵敏、稳定、专一等特点,已广泛应用于食品污染物检测领域。本文介绍量子点、贵金属纳米颗粒、磁性纳米材料和碳纳米管等现阶段研究最为广泛的4种纳米材料的特点,综述这几种功能纳米材料在食品中重金属、农兽药残留等食品污染物检测中的应用现状,探讨功能纳米材料在食品污染物检测应用中所存在的缺陷,并展望功能纳米材料在食品污染物检测领域的未来发展方向。

ABSTRACT:As one of the major cause of food security problems, food contaminants had caused serious threat on human’s health. The development of rapid, sensitive and specific methods for detection of food contaminants had become a hot topic in food science area. The rapid development of functional nanomaterials provided the theory basis and technique support to the innovation of new detection methods for food contaminants. During the last decade, the research of functional nanomaterials developed very fast. The detection technologies based on functional nanomaterials with the merits of accuracy, high sensitivity, good stability and high selectivity had been widely used in the fields of biomedicine, environment and food detection areas. This article discribed the properties of quantum dots, precious metal nanoparticles, magnetic nanomaterials and carbon nanotubes, reviewed the application of these nanomaterials in food contaminants detection which including heavy metal, pesticide, veterinary drug residues and so on, and discussed the defects of these nanomaterials in determination of food contaminants as well as the future development of functional nanomaterials in food contaminants detection.