水杨酸的信号分子作用及其在鲜切果蔬中的应用

The role of salicylic acid as signal molecule and its application in fresh-cut fruits and vegetables

水杨酸(salicylic acid)是植物体内普遍存在的一种酚类化合物,是植物应对生物胁迫的重要信号分子。水杨酸参与调控植物体内的许多生理生化过程,如细胞生长、呼吸作用、气孔开闭、衰老、种子萌发、幼苗发育等,在植物对生物及非生物胁迫中起到重要作用,诱导植物产生抗性。近年来,水杨酸作为一种植物生长调节剂和重要的信号分子被广泛应用于植物和果实的抗性诱导。本文综述了水杨酸的生物合成途径及其作为信号分子在诱导果蔬抗机械伤害及抗病性,调控果蔬生理活动方面的作用,讨论了水杨酸对鲜切果蔬的防御反应、抗氧化反应、品质及果蔬成熟衰老的影响,并对水杨酸与其他信号分子综合调控果蔬的生理代谢及防御系统响应的研究进行了展望,为鲜切果蔬的贮藏保鲜的实验研究及其发展提供依据。

Salicylic acid is a widespread phenolic compound in plants. It is an important signal molecule in response to biological stress of plants. Salicylic acid involves in regulating many physiological and biochemical processes of plants, such as cell growth, respiration, stomatal aperture, senescence, seed germination, and seedling development. SA has an important role in plant responses to many abiotic stresses and osmotic stress, inducing the resistance of plants. In recent years, salicylic acid is widely used in induced resistance of plants and fruits as a kind of plant growth regulator and an important signal molecule. This paper reviewed the biosynthetic pathway of salicylic acid and the role of salicylic acid as a signal molecule in inducing mechanical injury and disease resistance, and regulating the physiological activities of fruits and vegetables, also discussed the effects of salicylic acid for defense reaction, oxidation reaction, quality and aging of fresh-cut fruits and vegetables, with a purpose to provide the theoretical basis for experimental research and development of fresh storage of fresh-cut fruits and vegetables.