油菜秸秆替代棉籽壳栽培食用菌的可行性分析

Feasibility analysis of edible fungi cultivation by rape stalk as a substitute for cottonseed hull

目的研究油菜秸秆替代棉籽壳栽培糙皮侧耳菌的可行性,从而提高油菜秸秆的利用率,减少秸秆燃烧引起的环境污染。方法本试验以棉籽壳为对照组,设置6个替代比,通过油菜秸秆替代棉籽壳后菌丝的生长速度、生长状况、子实体的产量及品质,研究油菜秸秆替代棉籽壳栽培糙皮侧耳菌的可行性。结果随着油菜秸秆替代比例的增加,菌丝的生长速度先增加后减小,且替代比例大于40%时菌丝生长较稀疏;20%的替代比例时子实体的产量最高,随着比例的继续增加,产量成减小的趋势,但40%时与对照物差异不显著,进一步增加替代比例时,子实体产量显著减小;油菜秸秆替代棉籽壳后,子实体的总糖含量有所增加,水分与文献报道相符。结论用40%的油菜秸秆替代棉籽壳可促进菌丝的生长且不影响子实体的生长和产量,因此,用40%的替代比是可行的。

Objective To analyze the feasibility of edible fungi cultivation by rape stalk as a substitute for cottonseed hull for improving rape stalk utilization and reducing environmental pollution.Methods The substrates in 6 replacement ratios were prepared with cottonseed hull as control group, the growth rate and growth status of mycelium, the outputs and quality of fruiting body ofPleurotus ostreatus were determined. Results It showed that the mycelium growth rate increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of rape stalk, and the mycelium was sparse when the substitute ratio reached into more than 40%. The output of fruiting body ofPleurotus ostreatuswas the highest when the substrate ratio was 20%, and there was a decreasing trend of the output of fruiting body ofPleurotus ostreatuswith the increase of rape stalk. The growth status and output of fruiting body ofPleurotus ostreatus had a not significant difference between cottonseed hull group and rape stalk group when the substrate ratio was 40%, while further increased in the substrate ratio, the outputs of that had a significant decrease. The sugar content of fruiting body ofPleurotus ostreatus of rape stalk group was higher than that of cottonseed hull group, and the water content of fruiting body ofPleurotus ostreatus was in accordance with reported in the literature after rape stalk as a substitute for cottonseed hull.Conclusion Under the substitute ratio of 40%, the mycelium growth rate was not only accelerated, but also the growth status of fruiting body ofPleurotus ostreatus was not affected, thus, the substitute ratio of 40% was feasible.