竹荪属食用菌国内研究进展

Research advances on edible fungus of Dictyophora in China

竹荪属(Dictyophora)含有很多高档的食用菌,富含蛋白质、氨基酸、多糖、维生素、微量元素等,具有很高的营养价值和生物保健功能,深受消费者欢迎。竹荪属食用菌通常生长在竹林中,产量较低,十分稀有。长裙竹荪、短裙竹荪、红托竹荪、棘托竹荪是我国常见的竹荪属食用菌。近年来,有关竹荪属食用菌的研究报道越来越多,使消费者和研究学者对竹荪属食用菌有了更进一步的认识。本文从竹荪属食用菌营养成分含量及挥发性成分研究、活性成分提取工艺研究、活性成分功能研究、活性成分的分离纯化和鉴定研究、深加工技术研究及采后保鲜技术研究等方面概述了竹荪属食用菌的国内研究进展。指出了现今竹荪属食用菌研究中存在的一些问题,并对其发展趋势进行了展望。

ABSTRACT:Dictyophoraincludes many kinds of edible fungus. Edible fungus ofDictyophora are rich in pro-tein, amino acids, polysaccharide, vitamins, and micro minerals, so they have high nutrient value and healthy function to human body, and are popular with consumers. Edible funguses ofDictyophora usually grow in bamboo forestry and are rare due to their low yield.Dictyophora indusiata, Dictyophora duplicate, Dictyopho-ra rubrovolvata, Dictyophora echinovolvata are the common varieties of edible fungus ofDictyophora in China. In recent years, more and more researches on edible fungus ofDictyophora were reported, so the consumers and researchers had further understanding on them. The research advances of edible fungus of Dictyophorain China, including researches on nutrient content and volatile component, extraction process of active ingredient, biological activity and isolation, purification and identification of active ingredient, further processing and postharvest preservation technology were reviewed in this article. The main problems existed in research on edible fungus of Dictyophora were described. Trends of research for edible fungus of Dictyophorawere pros-pected.