低蛋白调制大米的研究进展

Research Progress of Low Protein Modulated Rice

慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)发病率在我国呈逐年上升趋势,低蛋白饮食(low protein diet,LPD)是延缓CKD病情发展有效的食疗方法之一。本文就近年来日益受到广泛关注的低蛋白调整大米的研究方法进行了综述和展望,分析了包括育种栽培、物理方法、化学方法、生物技术降解等方法的优势与不足。其中利用生物技术降解整粒大米蛋白,能够在保持大米原有完整性和口感的同时大幅度降低其蛋白含量,产品更适合肾病患者长期食用。我国约2/3居民以大米为主食,肾病患者人数越来越多,而国内相关的低蛋白产品还相对较少,无法大众化,故从改善患者主食方面研制出符合患者饮食习惯的低蛋白大米的市场前景非常可观。

The incidence of cnronic kidney disease is increasing year by year in our country,and the low protein diet is one of the effective dietotherapy methods to delay the development of chronic kidney disease.In this paper,the research methods of low protein adjusted rice,which had been paid more and more attention in recent years,were reviewed and prospected,and the advantages and disadvantages of the methods including breeding cultivation,physical methods,chemical methods and biodegradation were analyzed.The method of biodegradation of whole rice protein can greatly reduce the protein content while maintaining the original integrity and taste of rice,and the product is more suitable for long-term consumption of nephrotic patients.In China,about 2/3 of the population live on rice,and the number of patients with kidney disease is increasing,but the amount of low protein products are too few to popularize,so it is very promising to develop the low protein rice in accordance with the diet habit of patients from the improvement of the staple food.