霍山石斛茎的食用安全性评价

Food Safety Evaluation of Dendrobium huoshanense Stems

本文采用动物急性毒性试验、三项遗传毒性试验、90 d喂养试验和致畸试验对霍山石斛茎(Dendrobium huoshanense stems,DHS)的食用安全性进行评价。小鼠急性经口毒性试验表明,霍山石斛茎的雌雄小鼠最大耐受剂量(MTD)均大于15.0 g/kg·bw;遗传毒性试验显示,霍山石斛茎对鼠伤寒沙门氏菌菌株TA97、TA98、TA100、TA102均未呈现遗传毒性,对小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率及嗜多染红细胞与正染红细胞(PCE/NCE)的比值均无影响,对小鼠精子畸形发生无显著作用; 90 d喂养试验表明,霍山石斛茎各剂量组与对照组相比,动物的体重变化、进食量、食物利用率、脏器重量、脏体比、血液学、血液生化及组织病理学等指标均无显著性差异;致畸试验表明,霍山石斛茎各剂量组对孕鼠体重增长、胚胎早期发育及胎鼠的生长发育、骨骼、内脏和外观发育均无明显不良影响,各项指标与对照组相比均无显著性差异。综上,霍山石斛茎在5 g/kg·bw剂量范围内食用安全。

To evaluate the food safety of Dendrobium huoshanense,this article studied Dendrobium huoshanense stems through the acute oral toxicity test,the genotoxicity test,the 90-day feeding test and the teratogenicity test.The acute oral toxicity test showed that the maximum tolerable dose of DHS in both male and female mice was more than 15.0 g/kg·bw. The genotoxicity test suggested that DHS not only had no significant on strains of Salmonella typhimurium TA97,TA98,TA100 and TA102 in Ames test,but also had no significant effect on micronucleus rate changes,polychromatic erythrocyte (PCE)/normochromatic erythrocyte (NCE) ratios of mouse bone marrow cells,and mouse sperm abnormality rates. In the 90-day feeding test,no statistically significant difference was found in rats between the control and the DHS groups not only in body weight,body weight gain,food intake,food utilization rate,the absolute weight of major organs,organ-to-body weight ratio but also in hematological parameters,serum biochemical indexes,histopathological examination.The teratogenicity test found that DHS had no adverse effect on the body weight gain of pregnant rats,the early development of embryos as well as the development,skeletons,viscera and appearances of fetuses and all the indexes showed no significant difference.In conclusion,DHS would be safe in the dose of 5 g/kg·bw.