茶皂素提取技术及生物活性研究进展

Research Progress on Extraction Technology and Biological Activity of Tea Sapoin

茶皂素是一种天然非离子型表面活化剂,已被应用到工业、农业、日化等多个领域,茶皂素的生物活性功能日益受到各行业的关注。本文对茶皂素的理化特性做了简要介绍,详细综述了茶皂素的提取技术(水提法、有机溶剂提取法和辅助提取法)和生物活性功能(溶血和鱼毒、抗菌、抗氧化、降血压以及清洁)的研究进展,并对不同提取工艺的优缺点、茶皂素的溶血对象以及抗菌、抗氧化、降血压的机理和应用范围进行阐述,指出深入研究茶皂素作用机理的重要性,以期为茶皂素的进一步研究和茶籽饼有效利用提供科学化的参考依据。

Tea saponin is a kind of natural non-ionic surface activator.It has been applied in many fields such as industry,agriculture and daily chemical.In this paper,the physical and chemical characteristics of tea saponin were briefly introduced,and the research progress of tea saponin extraction technology(water extraction,organic solvent extraction and auxiliary extraction)and biological activity function(hemolysis and fish toxicity,antibacterial,antioxidant,blood pressure lowering and cleaning)were reviewed in detail.The advantages and disadvantages of different extraction processes,the hemolytic objects of tea saponin,and the mechanism and application range of antibacterial,antioxidant and blood pressure lowering were expounded,moreover,the importance of in-depth study on the mechanism of tea saponin action was pointed out,which provided scientific reference for the further research of tea saponin and the effective utilization of tea seed cake.