酶解法提取罗非鱼血液中血红素的工艺条件优化

Optimization of Extraction Conditions of Heme from Tilapias Blood by Enzymatic Hydrolysis

为更加科学有效地利用丰富的罗非鱼血液资源,研究酶解法提取罗非鱼血液中血红素的工艺条件,通过单因素试验和正交试验确定了复合酶提取血红素的最佳酶解条件为:温度40℃、pH 8.0、底物质量浓度6 g/100 mL、酶添加量8000 U/g、酶解时间2 h。再经过热处理、酸沉淀和真空冷冻干燥等纯化工艺后得血红素终产品。在此条件下,血红素提取率达到80.9%,产品纯度为28.2%。该工艺简单可行,生产成本低,适合工业化生产,不仅能有效地减少环境污染,还能显著地增加企业产品的附加值。

To achieve scientific and effective utilization of tilapias blood as an abundant resource in China, the extraction conditions of heme from tilapias blood by enzymatic hydrolysis were studied in this paper. Protamex was found as the best enzyme catalyst for the extraction of heme from tilapias blood. By using single-factor and orthogonal array designs, the optimum enzymatic hydrolysis conditions were determined as follows: temperature, 40 ℃; pH, 8.0; substrate concentration, 6 g/100 mL; enzyme/substrate, 8000 U/g; and hydrolysis time, 2 h. Under these conditions, followed by heat treatment, acid precipitation and vacuum freeze drying, heme was obtained with a yield of 80.9% and a purity of 28.2%. This extraction procedure is simple, practical, cost saving and suitable for industrial production of value-added products with reduced environmental pollution.