壳寡糖对秀丽隐杆线虫寿命的影响

Effect of Chitooligosaccharides on Lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans

目的:探讨不同质量浓度的壳寡糖延长秀丽隐杆线虫寿命的活性功能,试图寻求延缓衰老的生物活性物质。方法:以秀丽隐杆线虫为模式生物,以线虫寿命为指标,用相对分子质量≤1 000的壳寡糖(chitooligosaccharides,COS)设立对照组和壳寡糖4个用药组(50、100、200、400 mg/L),测定线虫的寿命、生殖能力、移动速率和吞咽频率。结果:与对照组比较,壳寡糖质量浓度达到200 mg/L以上时可使线虫的寿命延长(P<0.05),不同质量浓度的壳寡糖对线虫平均寿命和最大寿命均具有延长作用。壳寡糖400 mg/L组延长寿命的效果最为明显。与对照组比较,壳寡糖质量浓度在100 mg/L以上时线虫的移动速率和吞咽频率增加(P<0.01),但当壳寡糖质量浓度为400 mg/L时,线虫的移动速率和吞咽频率的增加幅度趋缓。结论:相对分子质量≤1 000的壳寡糖在50~400 mg/L质量浓度范围内能够延长秀丽隐杆线虫的寿命。

Objective: To explore the lifespan-prolonging effect of chitooligosaccharides(COS) at various concentrations on Caenorhabditis elegans(C. elegans) in order for these compounds to be developed into anti-aging drugs. Methods: C. elegans as a model organism were cultured in the absence(control) or presence of different concentrations(50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/L) of COS with a relative molecular mass not greater than 1 000. The effects of COS on the lifespan, reproductive capacity, movement speed and swallowing frequency of C. elegans were examined. Results: Compared with the control group, the lifespan of C. elegans was prolonged by COS at concentrations larger than 200 mg/L(P < 0.05). COS at all investigated concentrations could significantly extend the mean and maximum lifespan of C. elegans and 400 mg/L was the most effective concentration for prolonging the lifespan of C. elegans. Compared with the control group, the movement speed and swallowing frequency of C. elegans were increased when the concentration of COS was higher than 100 mg/L(P < 0.01), reaching a plateau at 400 mg/L. Conclusion: COS with relative molecular mass equal to or less than 1 000 at concentrations of 50–400 mg/L can significantly improve the mean and maximum lifespan of C. elegans.