鱼类抗冻蛋白结构与抗冻活性的关系

Relationship between Structure and Antifreeze Activity in Fish Antifreeze Proteins

抗冻蛋白通过不可逆附着于冰特定表面来有效抑制冰晶生长和重结晶,具有很强的抗冻活性。本文选取若干代表性鱼类抗冻蛋白为例,阐述6类鱼类抗冻蛋白的结构特性(氨基酸残基组成与特定序列、二级结构组成以及蛋白的空间构象等)、稳定蛋白结构的重要因素以及分子中参与冰晶结合的氨基酸残基位点,重点揭示蛋白结构与抗冻活性的内在关系,以期为将来的广泛应用提供一定理论基础。

Antifreeze proteins,which possess strong antifreeze activity,can effectively inhibit ice growth and recrystallization by binding irreversibly to the ice crystal surface.The structural characteristics(including amino acid residues,specific sequences,secondary structure contents and protein spatial configuration) of six representative kinds of fish antifreeze proteins,important factors involved in stabilizing protein structure and amino-acid residue sites involved in ice binding are discussed in this paper.Much attention is focused on revealing the potential relationship between structure and antifreeze activity,and the purpose is to provide a theoretical basis for its widespread application in the future.