摘要
针对不同区域的祁门红茶,测定香气成分及茶多酚、氨基酸、可溶性糖、茶色素等主要物质的含量,结合感官审评对祁红的品质特点进行分析。结果表明,祁红的主要香气成分有:香叶醇、芳樟醇及其氧化物、苯甲醇、植醇、苯乙醛、2-己烯醛、十六酸等。这些主要香气成分的协调融合作用,赋予祁红的特征香型。祁红毛峰的香气以鲜、嫩甜为主体,而传统祁门工夫红茶则以高爽、馥郁的甜香为主体,代表了祁红不同产品种类的品质风格。不同级别(特茗、特级、一级)祁门工夫红茶香气成分组成大致相同,但含量差异较大。级别越高香气品质越好,香气的浓度与鲜爽度增加。茶红素、茶黄素、茶褐素平均含量特级茶最高,特茗次之,一级茶最低。茶多酚、氨基酸含量随茶叶级别的降低呈下降趋势,茶汤滋味的浓度和鲜爽度也不同程度的下降。但总体来说,不同区域的祁门红茶,尽管其香精油总量、香气成分相对含量以及生化成分含量高低不同,但其表现出的品质均符合祁门红茶的典型特征:具有祁门红茶香高味浓的品质特点,尤其是较高的可溶性糖含量,使得各级别祁门工夫红茶的滋味均呈现出甜醇的特色。
The aroma constituents, water extract, total polyphenols, total amino acids, total soluble sugars and three polyphenolic pigments in Keemun black tea collected from various regions were investigated. The quality of Keemun black tea was evaluated through chemical composition analysis combined with sensory evaluation. The results showed that the compounds with a high probability of contribution to the Keemun black tea aroma included geramiol, linalool and linalool oxide, benzyl alcohol, phytol, phenylacetaldehyde, trans-2-hexenal, and n-hexadecanoic acid. Keemun Maofeng black tea had a rich aroma with fresh, delicate and sweet characteristics. Keemun Congou black tea had a rich aroma with tenacious, fragrant and sweet characteristics. Samples of different quality grades, i.e. superfine, special grade, first class Keemun black tea, were very similar in aroma components; however, they were very different in aroma contents. The higher the tea grade was, the better the aroma quality was. The contents of total polyphenols and amino acids were decreased in lower-grade tea and the taste and freshness degree of tea infusion were declined. Collectively, all the samples had the typical quality characteristics of Keemun black tea such as fragrant aroma and mellow taste, especially the higher soluble sugar content, which made Keemun Congou black tea from various showed sweet and mellow.
出处
《食品科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第10期144-149,共6页
Food Science
基金
安徽省农业科学院科技创新团队"名优茶现代化加工技术与设备"项目(13C0815)
国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-23)
关键词
祁门红茶
香气成分
生化成分
品质
Keemun black tea
aroma constituents
chemical composition
quality