雾霾下的自我:空气污染与个体主义-集体主义的大数据分析

Polluted Self: A Big-data Analysis Based on Daily-level Air Pollution and Individualism on Social Media

当每天生活在雾霾中,人们会更关心自我的独立,还是会寻求与他人的群体互依?基于PM2. 5指数和新浪微博数据,本研究采用关键词统计、多水平线性模型等方法探究了日期水平的空气污染水平与自我构念或个体主义-集体主义表达的关系。结果发现:(1)总体而言,空气污染负向预测个体主义的微博比例、正向预测集体主义的微博比例;(2)空气污染预测个体主义-集体主义的效应存在地区差异,成都的空气污染负向预测个体主义、正向预测集体主义,北京有类似结果,但仅达到边缘显著,上海则效应不显著。本研究表明空气污染可以对文化价值观的表达产生短期影响,这一效应在经济相对欠发达的西部地区更为明显;环境威胁-防御假说、气候-经济假说可以解释这一空气污染与地区的交互效应。

When breathing fresh air becomes a problem,will people be more concerned about their self-independence?Based on the daily-level air quality data and the Weibo data in Chengdu,Beijing,and Shanghai,the word-counting andmultilevel modeling methods were used to investigate the relationship between airpollution and individualistic/collectivistic expression.The results showed that:(1)By and large,air pollution significantly predicted lower individualism and higher collectivism.(2)The predicting effects of air pollution on individualism varied across cities.In Chengdu,air pollution negatively predicted individualism,with the largest effect size among the three cities.In Beijing,the result pattern was similar,but with a smaller effect size.As for Shanghai,however,there was no significant effect of air pollution on individualism collectivism.Taken together,the present research demonstrates that air pollution has a short-term effect on cultural orientations,especially in the less developed area(e.g.,Chengdu vs.Beijing and Shanghai),which can be well explained by environmental threat-defense theory and climato-economic theory.