年龄和主观幸福感:未来时间洞察力的中介作用

The Relationship between Age and Subjective Well-being: The Mediating Role of Future Time Perspective

本研究基于一项全国样本调查研究,探讨成年期个体的年龄和主观幸福感(情感指数和生活满意度)的关系及未来时间洞察力的作用。结果发现:(1)未来时间洞察力的二维模型良好,两个维度分别是未来机会和未来限制。(2)老年人的情感指数与青年人相当,而生活满意度优于青年人。随着年龄的增加,个体更多关注受限的未来时间,更少关注未来机会。(3)未来机会能显著正向预测情感指数和生活满意度,未来限制与情感指数、生活满意度之间无显著相关。在控制了未来机会的间接路径后,年龄对情感指数、生活满意度的预测作用增加,突出了年龄对生活满意度的重要预测作用。

Based on a national adult life-span sample,we examined the relationship between age and subjective well-being(affective index and life satisfaction)and the role of future time perspective in adulthood.The results show that:(1)a 2-factor model of future time perspective(future opportunities;limited time)fit the data better than a 1-factor model.(2)The affective index of elder is comparable with that of younger,and life satisfaction is better than that of young people.As getting older,people focused less on future opportunities and more on limited time.(3)Future opportunities can significantly predict subjective well-being,there was no significant relationship between limited time and subjective well-being.Older adults reported greater subjective well-being,and this association was stronger after controlling for their perceptions of fewer future opportunities,suggesting that future time perspective is a suppressor and that other pathways may explain the paradox of aging.