锦州市太和区社区老年人常见慢性病相关因素分析

Analysis on related factors of common chronic disease among the elderly in Taihe district of Jinzhou city

目的随着人口的老龄化,老年慢性病发病情况及影响因素成为研究热点。本研究了解社区老年人常见慢性病患病率情况,分析慢性病患病的影响因素。方法 2018-09-01-2018-10-31于锦州市太和区选取3个社区,采用自设调查表进行入户调查,并测量社区≥60岁老年人的身高、体质量、血压和血糖等生理指标。采用非条件Logistic分析老年人慢性病患病影响因素。结果锦州市太和区社区老年人慢性病患病率为92.60%(3 241/3 500)。80～岁老年人高血压(χ~2=99.68,P<0.001)、糖尿病(χ~2=33.65,P<0.001)、超重与肥胖(χ~2=32.32,P<0.001)、脂肪肝(χ~2=87.01,P<0.001)和冠心病(χ~2=50.58,P<0.001)患病率均高于其他年龄组。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄越高(OR=3.84,95%CI为2.58～5.01,P<0.001)、喜食高盐高油与刺激性食物(OR=2.35,95%CI为1.52～3.75,P<0.001)、吸烟(OR=2.86,95%CI为2.34～4.86,P<0.001)、饮酒(OR=2.18,95%CI为1.24～2.95,P<0.001)、不锻炼(OR=2.34,95%CI为1.29～2.53,P<0.001)和高文化程度(OR=0.78,95%CI为0.65～0.92,P=0.003)与老年常见慢性病患病率有关。结论年龄越高、喜食高盐、高油及刺激性食物、吸烟、饮酒和不锻炼为老年常见慢性病危险因素,高文化程度为保护性因素。

OBJECTIVE With the aging of the population,the incidence of chronic diseases in the elderly and its influencing factors have become a research focus.The purpose of this study is to understand the prevalence level of common chronic diseases among the elderly in the community and analyze the risk factors leading to the occurrence of chronic diseases.METHODS During September 1 and October 31 in 2018,the elderly over 60 years old in three communities of Taihe district of Jinzhou city were chose to conduct the household surveys with self-designed questionnaires,and to measure their community height,weight,blood pressure,blood glucose and other physiological indexes.Non-conditional Logistic was used to analyze the influencing factors of chronic diseases in the elderly.RESULTS The prevalence rate of elderly chronic disease of this survey was 92.60%(3 241/3 500).The prevalence of high blood pressure(χ^2=99.68,P<0.001),diabetes(χ^2=33.65,P<0.001),overweight and obesity(χ^2=32.32,P<0.001),fatty liver disease(χ^2=87.01,P<0.001)and coronary heart disease(χ^2=50.58,P<0.001)in the elderly aged 80-year were higher than those in other age groups.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the older the age(OR=3.84,95%CI:2.58-5.01,P<0.001),preference to eat high-salt,high-oil and stimulating foods(OR=2.35,95%CI:1.52-3.75,P<0.001),smoking(OR=2.86,95%CI:2.34-4.86,P<0.001),drinking(OR=2.18,95%CI:1.24-2.95,P<0.001),no exercise(OR=2.34,95%CI:1.29-2.53,P<0.001)and high education(OR=0.78,95%CI:0.65-0.92,P=0.003)were associated with the incidence of common chronic diseases in the elderly.CONCLUSION Higher age,preference for high salt,high oil and stimulating food,smoking,drinking and no exercise were risk factors for common chronic diseases in the elderly,and higher education level was protective factor.