上海市青浦区老年人免费接种肺炎疫苗服务满意度评估

Satisfaction of elderly people with free immunization service of pneumococcal vaccines in Qingpu District of Shanghai

目的细菌性肺炎是老年人常见感染性疾病之一,并伴随细菌耐药性升高,有必要采取针对措施开展老年人肺炎球菌性疾病防控。本研究了解上海市青浦区老年人免费接种肺炎疫苗服务满意度,为提高预防接种服务质量提供参考。方法采用多阶段抽样方法,对上海市青浦区2017年免费接种肺炎疫苗的老年人进行问卷调查。通过χ~2检验和Logistic回归对影响满意度的因素进行分析。结果共调查613名老年人,对预防接种服务满意度总体评分平均为9.15分。按项目评价,513名(83.69%)对操作规范满意,458名(74.71%)对门诊面积满意,441名(71.94%)对预约通知满意。单因素分析结果显示,婚姻状况(χ~2=7.04,P=0.03)、共同居住情况(χ~2=11.65,P<0.01)、职业(χ~2=9.44,P=0.02)、门诊面积(χ~2=49.91,P<0.01)、交通情况(χ~2=43.44,P<0.01)和肺炎患病史(χ~2=5.58,P=0.02)与满意度有关。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,受种者共同居住情况(OR=2.523,95%CI为1.184~5.379,P=0.017)、职业(OR=1.335,95%CI为1.024~1.742,P=0.033)和门诊面积(OR=2.687,95%CI为1.68~4.296,P<0.01)对满意度影响差异有统计学意义,即与其他家庭成员共同居住、从事机关事业单位类工作和门诊面积充足是满意度结果正向影响因素。结论上海市青浦区老年人免费预防接种服务满意度总体较高。应重点关注独居老年人和低收入群体,进一步完善相应服务,改善接种环境和硬件设施,提供更多人性化服务,提高老年人对预防接种服务的满意度。

OBJECTIVE Bacterial pneumonia is one of the common infectious diseases in the elderly.It is necessary to take measures to prevent and control pneumococcal diseases in the elderly,especially with the increase of antibiotic resistance.The study aims to evaluate the satisfaction of elderly people with free immunization service of pneumococcal vaccines in Qingpu District of Shanghai,and to provide evidence for healthcare quality improvement.METHODS The data were collected about satisfaction of elderly people with free immunization service by multistage sampling in 2017.χ~2 test and Logistic regression model were applied to analyze the risk factors affecting the satisfaction of elderly people.RESULTS Questionnaires were collected from 613 elderly people.The overall score of satisfaction was 9.15.The satisfaction rates of elderly people with vaccination skills,outpatient size and immunization notice were 83.68%,74.71%and71.94%,respectively.Univariate analysis showed the satisfaction was associated with marriage(χ~2=7.04,P=0.03),shared living situation(χ~2=11.65,P<0.01),occupation(χ~2=9.44,P=0.02),outpatient size(χ~2=49.91,P<0.01),traffic mode(χ~2=43.44,P<0.01)and history of pneumonia(χ~2=5.58,P=0.02).Shared living situation(OR=2.523,95%CI:1.184-5.379,P=0.017),occupation(OR=1.335,95%CI:1.024-1.742,P=0.033)as well as outpatient size(OR=2.687,95%CI:1.68-4.296,P<0.01)were influencing factors of satisfaction of elderly people.Living with family members,working in government-sponsored institution,and sufficient outpatient area were positive influencing factors of satisfaction results.CONCLUSION Majority of elderly people are satisfied with the immunization service in Qingpu District of Shanghai.In the future,more attention should be paid to elderly people living alone and low income groups.It should improve the elderly’s satisfaction with vaccination services by improving vaccination environment and hardware facilities,and providing more personalized services.