2013-2016年新疆乌苏市梅毒疫情分析

Analysis of syphilis epidemic situation in Wusu City of Xinjiang from 2013 to 2016

目的梅毒为临床中常见传染性疾病,对患者健康和生活质量造成了严重影响。不同地区梅毒流行特征存在差异,分析梅毒疫情对制定预防措施有重要价值。本研究旨在分析2013-2016年新疆乌苏市梅毒发病流行特征,为评估现行防治策略及制定科学的预防措施提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对《中国疾病预防控制信息报告管理系统》中2013-2016年乌苏市上报的176例梅毒患者信息进行分析,采用SPSS22.0对梅毒发病情况和分布情况进行统计分析。结果 2013-2016年乌苏市共报告梅毒病例176例,年平均发病率为19.73/10万,各年发病率平稳,不同年份的发病率差异有统计学意义,χ~2=15.094,P=0.002。乌苏市Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ期梅毒、胎传梅毒、隐性梅毒分别占24.4%、35.2%、1.7%、4.5%、34.1%。农民和工人这两种职业发病率较高。城市发病率与农村未见差异,χ~2=0.041,P=0.841。结论 2013-2016年新疆乌苏市梅毒总体发病率平稳,防治工作有一定成效,但尚需重点干预重点人群与高危人群,以便对梅毒疫情进行控制。

OBJECTIVE Syphilis is a common infectious disease in clinical practice,which has serious impact on patients′health and quality of life.There are differences in epidemiological characteristics in different regions.Analysis of syphilis epidemic situation in Wusu City of Xinjiang is of great value for the development of preventive measures.The paper aims to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of syphilis in Wusu City of Xinjiang from 2013 to 2016,and to provide evidence for evaluating current control strategies and formulating scientific preventive measures.METHODS Using the description of epidemiological methods,the informations of 176 syphilis patients reported in Wusu City from 2013 to2016 in the China Disease Prevention and Control Information Report Management System were analyzed.The incidence and distribution of syphilis were detected by using SPSS22.0 software package.RESULTS From 2013 to 2016,a total of176 syphilis cases were reported in Wusu City.The annual incidence rate was 19.73/100 000,and the incidence of each year was stable.The incidence of different years was statistically different,χ~2=15.094 and P=0.002.PhaseⅠsyphilis,phaseⅡsyphilis,phaseⅢsyphilis,fetal syphilis,recessive syphilis accounted for 24.4%,35.2%,1.7%,4.5%and34.1%respectively.PhaseⅠsyphilis,phaseⅡsyphilis and recessive syphilis were the main types.The incidence of these two occupations was higher.The incidence of disease in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas,χ~2=0.042,P=0.841.CONCLUSION From 2013 to 2016,the overall incidence of syphilis in Wusu City gradually stabilized,which proves that the prevention and control work has certain effect,but it also needs to focus on the intervention of key and high-risk groups in order to control the syphilis epidemic.