神农架林区严重精神障碍患者救治救助工作新模式研究

Study on the new model of treatment and rescue for patients with severe mental disorder in Shennongjia Forestry District

严重精神障碍患者是影响经济社会发展的重大公共卫生问题,涉及面广,敏感度高。本研究旨在了解和评估神农架林区严重精神障碍患者救治救助工作体系,探讨适宜的防控工作新模式。调查研究神农架林区严重精神障碍患者救治救助工作的现状,针对存在的问题,制定适合本地特色的救治救助工作措施。神农架林区目前登记在册管理的严重精神障碍患者387例,患者检出率达到4.93‰。该地坚持政府主导,成立优扶医院,重建组织架构,明确部门职责,全面落实'双向转诊''点对点技术支持''关爱帮扶小组'三大技术措施,实现信息共享,提供多元化优质服务。通过构建精神卫生全新防控体系、建立监测排查应急机制、落实救助救治政策、加强宣传教育和建立网络信息平台等措施,构建了严重精神障碍患者救治救助工作新模式。神农架林区的精神卫生工作成绩卓越,效果突显。但在运行过程中也暴露出了一些发展中的矛盾。加强精神卫生知识的普及,提高群众知晓率,逐渐减少社会偏见和歧视,强化精神卫生工作的体系建设,把精神障碍患者的救治救助当成政府责任,鼓励全社会广泛参与,依法推进精神卫生工作,有利于减少严重精神障碍患者肇事肇祸事件发生,保障社会和谐稳定。

Management of patients with severe mental disorders is a major public health problem affecting economic and social development.It involves a wide range of areas and is highly sensitive.The purpose of this study is to understand and evaluate the rescue system for patients with severe mental disorders in Shennongjia Forestry District,and to explore the appropriate new mode of prevention and control.The current situation of the rescue and relief work for patients with severe mental disorders were investigated and studied in Shennongjia forest area,and measures for the rescue and relief work suitable for local characteristics were formulated in view of the existing problems.At present,387 patients with severe mental disorders were registered and managed,and the detection rate was 4.93‰.The region insisted on being led by the government,setting up preferential treatment hospital,rebuilding the organizational structure,and clarifying the responsibilities of the departments.It was fully implemented the three technical measures of'two-way referral','peer-topeer technical support'and'care support group'to realize information sharing and provide diversified and high-quality services.By constructing a new prevention and control system of mental health,establishing the mechanism of monitoring,checking and emergency,implementing the rescue policy,strengthening propaganda and education and establishing a network information platform,a new mode of treatment and relief for patients with severe mental disorders was constructed.The mental health work in Shennongjia Forest District has achieved outstanding results.But in the course of operation,it also exposes some contradictions in the development.It should strengthen the popularization of mental health knowledge,raise the awareness rate of the masses,gradually reduce social prejudice and discrimination,strengthen the system construction of mental health work,treat the rescue of mental health patients as the responsibility of the government,and encourage the wide participation of the whole society.Promoting mental health work according to law will help to reduce the occurrence of serious mental disorders and ensure social harmony and stability.