2011-2016年郴州市艾滋病传播途径分析

Analysis on transmission routes of AIDS in Chenzhou City from 2011 to 2016

目的艾滋病发病呈快速增长趋势,疫情形势严峻。本研究分析郴州市2011-2016年新报告艾滋病病毒感染者/艾滋病患者(human immunodeficiency virus infected person and AIDS patient,HIV/AIDS)传播途径及其特征,为制定艾滋病防治策略提供依据。方法收集中国疾病预防控制信息系统艾滋病综合防治信息系统中郴州市2011-2016年新报告艾滋病疫情数据,对不同传播途径流行特征进行统计分析。结果 2011-2016年郴州市共发现报告艾滋病病例数1 575例,性传播为主要传播途径,其中异性传播占81.6%,男男性传播占13.5%,男男性传播病例发现病例数逐年增加。男男性传播病例以未婚为主,占67.5%;异性传播病例以已婚为主,占59.1%;各传播途径间婚姻状况差异有统计学意义,χ2=313.693,P<0.001。男男性传播病例以高中及以上文化程度为主,占57.1%;异性传播病例以初中及以下为主,占81.5%;各传播途径间文化程度差异有统计学意义,χ2=152.408,P<0.001。≥60岁年龄段病例增加较快,达24.1%,各传播途径间年龄分布差异有统计学意义,χ2=359.57,P<0.001。男男性传播病例以主动检测咨询为主,占46.2%;异性传播病例以就医诊疗为主,占64.2%;各传播途径间样本来源差异有统计学意义,χ2=975.46,P<0.001。不同传播途径间流动性差异有统计学意义,χ2=27.556,P<0.001。各传播途径中职业分布差异有统计学意义,χ2=924.526,P<0.001。结论 2011-2016年郴州市艾滋病传播途径以性传播为主,其中主要为异性传播,男男性传播艾滋病报告病例数增长快速,表明郴州市男男性传播艾滋病疫情流行严重。

OBJECTIVE The incidence of AIDS is increasing rapidly,and the epidemic situation is grim.This study aims to analyze the transmission routes and characteristics of newly reported HIV infected persons and AIDS patients(HIV/AIDS)in Chenzhou from 2011 to 2016,and to provide the basis for formulating AIDS prevention and control strategies.METHODS Data of newly reported AIDS epidemic in Chenzhou City from 2011 to 2016 were collected from the comprehensive AIDS prevention and control information system of China′s disease prevention and control information system,and epidemiological characteristics of different transmission routes were analyzed.RESULTS From 2011 to 2016,a total of 1 575 cases of AIDS were reported in Chenzhou City.Sexual transmission was the main route of transmission.The heterosexual transmission accounted for 81.6%,male-male transmission accounted for 13.5%.And the number of malemale transmission cases increased year by year.Male-male transmission cases were mainly unmarried,accounting for67.5%.Heterosexual transmission cases were mainly married,accounting for 59.1%.The differences in marital status among the routes of transmission were statistically significant,χ2=313.693,P<0.001.Male and female transmission cases mainly had high school and above educational level,accounting for 57.1%.Heterosexual transmission cases mainly had junior high school and below educational level,accounting for 81.5%.The difference in educational level among the transmission routes was statistically significant,χ2=152.408,P<0.001.The cases above 60 years old increased rapidly,reaching 24.1%.There was a statistically significant difference in age distribution between the transmission routes,χ2=359.57,P<0.001.Male-male transmission cases mainly actively detected and consulted,accounting for 46.2%.Heterosexual cases were mainly treated by medical treatment,accounting for 64.2%.The differences in sample sources between the transmission routes were statistically significant,χ2=975.46,P<0.001.The differences of fluidity among different transmission channels were statistically significant,χ2=27.556,P<0.001.The occupational distribution among different transmission channels was statistically significant,χ2=924.526,P<0.001.CONCLUSIONS The main route of transmission of AIDS in Chenzhou City from 2011 to 2016 is sexual transmission,among which heterosexual transmission is the main one.The number of reported cases of male-to-male transmission of AIDS increases rapidly,indicating that the maleto-male transmission of AIDS epidemic in Chenzhou City is very serious.