社区护士主观幸福感现状及影响因素研究

Study on the status and influencing factors of subjective well-being of community nurses

目的 在国家推行分级诊疗制度的背景下,社区护士作为社区医疗卫生服务机构的重要组成部分,在社区的预防保健工作中扮演重要角色。本研究调查社区护士的主观幸福感现状,分析影响因素,为更加充分发挥社区护士的作用提供参考。方法 选取2018-07-01-2018-10-31开封市6所社区卫生服务中心127名社区护士作为研究对象,运用自设基本情况调查表、总体幸福感量表和社会支持评定量表进行问卷调查,采用SPSS 20.0进行统计分析。结果 120例社区护士主观幸福感得分为(71.32±4.21)分。年龄(F=26.716,P<0.001)、学历(F=12.651,P<0.001)、职称(F=10.815,P<0.001)、工作年限(F=4.087,P=0.009)、薪资(F=5.302,P=0.006)、婚姻状况(t=8.767,P<0.001)、生育情况(t=4.802,P<0.001)、自身工作态度(F=7.061,P=0.001)、社会支持情况(F=25.147,P<0.001)、患者赞扬激励(F=26.028,P<0.001)和性格(F=17.565,P<0.001)与社区护士主观幸福感有关;多元线性回归分析显示,薪资(t=6.462,P<0.001)、自身工作态度(t=4.906,P<0.001)、社会支持情况(t=5.235,P<0.001)和患者赞扬激励(t=3.039,P=0.002)是社区护士主观幸福感的影响因素。结论 社区护士主观幸福感水平有待提高;社区卫生服务中心应加强管理,提升薪资待遇,营造良好护患关系,寻求社会支持提升社区护士幸福感,社区护士应加强业务学习,以积极态度面对工作。

OBJECTIVE Under the background of implementing the graded diagnosis and treatment system in our country,community nurses,as an important part of community health service institutions,play an important role in community preventive health care.This study investigates the status quo of subjective well-being of community nurses,and analyzes the influencing factors,so as to provide reference for giving full play to the role of community nurses.METHODS From July 1,2018to October 31,2018,a total of 127community nurses from 6community health service centers in Kaifeng City were selected as the research subjects.Questionnaires were conducted using self-designed basic information questionnaire,general well-being scale and social support rating scale.SPSS 20.0was used for statistical analysis.RESULTS The subjective well-being score was(71.32±4.21).Age(F=26.716,P<0.001),education(F=12.651,P<0.001),professional title(F=10.815,P<0.001),working life(F=4.087,P=0.009),salary(F=5.302,P=0.006),marital status(t=8.767,P<0.001),fertility(t=4.802,P<0.001),self-working attitude(F=7.061,P=0.001),social support(F=25.147,P<0.001),patient praise incentive(F=26.028,P<0.001),personality(F=17.565,P<0.001)were related to the subjective well-being of community nurses.Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that salary(t=6.462,P<0.001),working attitude(t=4.906,P<0.001),social support(t=5.235,P<0.001),patient praise incentive(t=3.039,P=0.002)were the influencing factors of subjective well-being of community nurses.CONCLUSIONS The level of subjective well-being of community nurses needs to be improved.The community health service centers should strengthen management,improve salary and treatment,create good nurse-patient relationship,seek social support to enhance the well-being of community nurses,and community nurses should strengthen professional learning to face work with a positive attitude.