深圳市酒店公共场所从业人员健康状况调查分析

Investigation and analysis on the health status of employees in public places of hotel in Shenzhen City

目的 由于公共场所的卫生学特点,存在着危害健康的不利因素,影响从业人员的身体健康。本研究对酒店公共场所从业人员的健康状况进行调查分析,旨在提高从业人员的自我保护意识。方法 选取2016-2017年深圳市区144家酒店住宿场所,并对其从业人员发放调查问卷,问卷内容主要包括从业人员个人基本情况、卫生知识知晓情况、采取的防护措施及健康状况等。结果 共发放问卷760份,收回754份,回收率99.2%。不同性别从业人员工作期间,眼部症状(χ~2=0.365,P=0.546)、呼吸系统症状(χ~2=0.865,P=0.352)、皮肤症状(χ~2=0.390,P=0.532)及其他症状(χ~2=1.069,P=0.301)发生率,差异均无统计学意义。不同工龄从业人员,呼吸系统症状发生率差异有统计学意义,χ~2=13.157,P=0.004;眼部症状、皮肤症状和其他症状发生率,差异均无统计学意义,均P>0.05。不同性别从业人员,使用防护用品方面差异无统计学意义,χ~2=3.144,P=0.076;使用洗手液或肥皂洗手(χ~2=7.082,P=0.008)、关注工作场所健康影响(χ~2=9.531,P=0.002)及获得工作场所健康知识(χ~2=5.182,P=0.023)方面,差异有统计学意义。不同工龄从业人员对个人防护及认知情况,差异均无统计学意义,均P>0.05。结论 酒店公共场所从业人员不良症状有一定的发生率,应当加强对公共场所卫生的监督管理;同时要加强从业人员的健康教育,提高其自我保护意识。

OBJECTIVE Because of the hygienic characteristics of public places,there are unfavorable factors that endanger health and affect the health of employees.This study investigates and analyses the health status of hotel employees in public places in order to improve their self-protection awareness.METHODS 144hotel accommodation places in Shenzhen City from 2016to 2017were selected and questionnaires were sent out to their employees.The contents of the questionnaires mainly included the basic personal situation of the employees,the awareness of health knowledge,the protective measures taken and their health status.RESULTS A total of 760questionnaires were issued,754were recovered,and the recovery rate was 99.2%.There was no significant difference in the incidence of ocular symptoms(χ2=0.365,P=0.546),respiratory symptoms(χ2=0.865,P=0.352),skin symptoms(χ2=0.390,P=0.532)and other symptoms(χ2=1.069,P=0.301)among the employees of different genders during their working period.There were significant differences in the incidence of respiratory symptoms among employees of different working years,χ2=13.157,P=0.004.There were no significant differences in the incidence of eye symptoms,skin symptoms and other symptoms,all P>0.05.There was no significant difference in the use of protective equipment between the sexes,χ2=3.144,P=0.076.There were significant difference between the sexes in hand washing with hand sanitizer or soap(χ2=7.082,P=0.008),attention to workplace health effects(χ2=9.531,P=0.002)and acquisition of workplace health knowledge(χ2=5.182,P=0.023).There was no significant difference in personal protection and cognition among employees of different working years(all P>0.05).CONCLUSIONS There is a certain incidence of adverse symptoms among hotel employees in public places.It should strengthen the supervision and management of public places′hygiene.At the same time,it should strengthen the health education of hotel employees and enhance their self-protection awareness.