现代汉语语气副词“明明”探析

Exploration on the Modern Chinese Modal Adverb Ming-ming

对语气副词"明明"的深入认识,需要放入所在的复句中进行考察。"明明"在前后分句中都可出现。当出现在前分句时,后分句可以为反问句、疑问句及含有转折标示词的句子。"明明"句中有一个隐藏项C,是可以根据前提条件推测出来的句子,有时也可出现在句子中。"明明"句在认知层面上,主观推测层面和客观反映层面不一致,这种不一导致了"明明"在复句中具有的重要语用价值,即凸现语义焦点、表示质疑不满的情绪。

As the modal adverb, ming-ming needs to be putting into the complex sentences for exploration. It can be used in the formal clause and the later clause. Rhetorical question sentence, interrogative sentence and the sentence containing a turning marker can be used for the later clause when the ming-ming is in the formal clause. The sentence containing the ming-ming has a hidden items- 'C' which can be inferred from the premises, sometimes the C can also appear in the sentence. There is different from the subjective level and the objective level in the cognitive level, and this difference leads to the important pragmatic value for the ming-ming in complex sentences: highlighting the semantic focus, expressing the discontent.