喀斯特地区不同茎形态植物的水土保持和养分截留效果研究

Effects of Different Forms of Stem Plants on Soil and Water Conservation and Nutrient Retention in Karst Areas

在坡度为30°的坡地建立12个径流小区,试验设计4个处理,分析了3种不同茎形态植物的水土保持和养分截留效果,并在此基础上进一步探讨水土保持和养分截留之间的定量关系。结果表明:薜荔,马蔺和常青藤的覆盖度分别为53.1%,62.8%和60.0%。薜荔,马蔺和常青藤具有一定的水土保持效果,不同植物的保水固土效应存在显著性差异。薜荔,马蔺和常青藤对TP,DP,TN,NO-3-N,NH+4-N和K有一定的截留作用。薜荔对TP,DP,TN,NO-3-N,NH+4-N和K的截留效果分别为0.58,0.64,0.54,0.86,0.64,0.54;马蔺对TP,DP,TN,NO-3-N,NH+4-N和K的截留效果分别为0.76,0.64,0.68,0.78,0.53,0.56;常青藤对TP,DP,TN,NO-3-N,NH+4-N和K的截留效果分别为0.72,0.75,0.61,0.83,0.45,0.58。水土保持与养分截留效果之间呈现极显著性相关(Pearson相关性系数>0.698**),表明水土保持是养分截留的有效途径。

The soil and water conservation and nutrient retention of different planted vegetation were studied in this experiment,including Ficus pumila,Iris lactea var chinensis,Hedera nepalensis var.sinensis and Blank,by setting up 4types of runoff plots on the 30°slope.Furthermore,based on the this study,the quantitative relationships between soil and water conservation benefits and nutrientretention benefits were discussed.The results showed that average vegetation coverage of Ficus pumila,Iris lactea var chinensis and Hedera nepalensis var.sinensis was up to 53.1%,62.8%and 60%,respectively.Ficus pumila,Iris lactea var chinensis and Hedera nepalensis var.sinensis have the effect of soil and water conservation,but there is a significant difference in soil and water conservation effect with different planted vegetation.Ficus pumila,Iris lactea var chinensis and Hedera nepalensis var.sinensis have the effect of nutrient retention including TP,DP,TN,NO-3-N,NH+4-N and K The retention benefits of TP,DP,TN,NO-3-N,NH+4-N and K in the runoff plots with Ficus pumila were up to 0.58,0.64,0.54,0.86,0.64 and 0.54,respectively.The retention benefits of TP,DP,TN,NO-3-N,NH+4-N and K in the runoff plots with Iris lactea var chinensis were 0.76,0.64,0.68,0.78,0.53 and 0.56,respectively.The retention benefits of TP,DP,TN,NO-3-N,NH+4-N and K in the runoff plots with Hedera nepalensis var.sinensis were 0.72,0.75,0.61,0.83,0.45and0.58,respectively.The correlation analysis revealed that Pearson correlation coefficients between soil and water conservation benefits and nutrient retention benefits were significantly correlated,which implied thatsoil and water conservation is an effective way to control the nutrients in soil.