土层置换对大豆土壤酶活性及根腐病病情指数的影响

Effects of Soil Replacement on Soil Enzyme Activities and Root Rot Disease Index of Soybean

大豆连作导致土壤养分失衡,土壤酶活性降低,以及大豆病害加剧、品质和产量降低等问题。采用田间小区试验方法,通过对土层置换及大豆种衣剂拌种等措施对大豆土壤不同土层土壤酶活性及根腐病病情指数影响的分析,为消除大豆连作障碍提供科学的技术支撑。结果表明:土层置换处理及置换后增施磷肥或有机肥及大豆种衣剂处理,提高了大豆田间土壤脲酶活性、蔗糖酶活性和磷酸酶活性。与对照CK相比,T_2,T_3,T_4处理0—10cm土层脲酶活性均增加;土层置换并增施有机肥显著提高了土层中蔗糖酶活性;土层置换后增施磷肥或有机肥及大豆种衣剂拌种处理均可有效保持大豆土壤中磷酸酶的活性,并且可降低大豆根腐病病情指数;土层置换并增施磷肥处理提高了大豆产量,较CK处理产量提高20.42%,差异达到显著水平。

Continuous cropping of soybean has caused soil nutrient imbalance,decrease of enzyme activity,increased soybean diseases and reduced yield and quality.Using field plot test method,we analyzed the effects of soil displacement,soybean seed measures on enzyme activity and the root rot disease index in different soil layers,and eliminated the soybean continuous cropping obstacle to provide the technical support of science.The main results were as follows.Soil replacement,increasing application of phosphate fertilizer or organic fertilizer and soybean seed measures can improve the soil urease activity,invertase activity and phosphatase activity of soybean field.Compared with the control,the activities of urease in T2,T3,T4 treatment increased from 0to 10 cm soil layer.Soil replacement and increasing application of organic fertilizer can improved the activity of invertase in soil.Soil replacement,increasing application of phosphate fertilizer or organic fertilizer and soybean seed can effectively maintain the activity of phosphatase in soybean soil and reduce the disease index of soybean root rot.Soil replacement,increasing application of phosphate fertilizer can significantly promote the soybean production,the soybean yield increased by 20.42%compared with CK.