鄱阳湖五河流域入湖径流泥沙变化特征及影响因素分析

Analysis on Runoff and Sediment Change Characteristics and Influence Factors of Poyang Lake Five Rivers Basin

为探讨鄱阳湖五河流域入湖径流泥沙变化特征,以便为流域水土保持生态建设和湖泊水资源的合理利用提供科学依据,根据鄱阳湖五河流域5个入湖水文控制站1959—2012年径流量和1980—2012年输沙量数据资料,采用过程线法、滑动平均值法、相关系数检验法和年不均匀系数法进行了分析。结果表明:五河入湖径流量整体无明显上升或下降趋势;五河年平均输沙量均有整体显著下降趋势;赣江流域的年均输沙量从80年代初开始有显著减少趋势,而其他的抚河、信江、饶河、修河四个流域的年平均输沙量均是从21世纪初有显著减少趋势;水利、水保及林业工程是鄱阳湖五河流域入湖径流泥沙变化的主要影响因素。

To explore characteristics of runoff and sediment into Poyang Lake from five rivers basin,to provide a scientific basis for basin soil and water conservation ecological construction and rational utilization of lake water resources,according to runoff data of five water control stations from 1959 to 2012and sediment data from 1980 to 2012,the process line method,the sliding average value method,correlation coefficient test and in non-uniform coefficient method are used to analyze these data.The results show that the runoff into the lake has no obvious rising or falling trend as a whole.Average sediment presents the significant decreasing trend.The annual average sediment of Ganjiang River basin has an obvious decreasing trend from the beginning of 1980 s,while these of Fuhe River,Xinjiang River,Raohe River and Xiuhe River presented the reduction trend in the ealy 21 st century.Water conservancy projects,soil and water conservation projects and forestry project are the main influence factors on the changes of runoff and sediment in Poyang Lake.