根灌和滴灌对三种典型荒漠植物生长的影响

Effects of Root Irrigation and Drip Irrigation on the Growth of Three Typical Desert Plants

根灌是一种能将水直接灌到植物根部的高效节水农业新技术,具有抗旱、保水的功能。利用根灌和滴灌对人工栽植于退耕地上的柽柳、沙枣、柠条锦鸡儿进行了灌溉试验,通过研究不同灌溉方式下植物生长量和土壤含水率及其变化规律,探讨了两种灌溉方式对土壤水分的补给和保持作用以及对植物生长的促进作用。结果表明:(1)根灌和滴灌对土壤水分补给的范围和深度不一致,滴灌主要集中在土壤表面,而根灌主要集中在20cm以下区域,而且与灌水时间和灌水量密切相关。(2)根灌能够更好地保存土壤水分,而滴灌表层土壤水分散失较快。(3)根灌灌溉的三种植物生长量均大于滴灌灌溉的,根灌能够更好地促进植物生长,是三种典型沙生植物理想的灌溉方式。

Root irrigation is a kind of new technology,which is able to deliver water directly to the roots of plants,and has the function of drought resistance and water retention.Using the root irrigation and drip irrigation experiment of Tamarix ramosissima,Elaeagnus angustifolia,Caragana korshinskii planted on abandoned lands was carried out.By measuring the change of soil moisture content and plant growth index under different irrigation methods,the supplies and maintaining action of two irrigation ways on soil moisture and positive impact on plant growth were examined.The results show that:(1)the range and depth of soil water supply are not consistent with the root irrigation and drip irrigation,the water mainly concentrated on the soil surface under the drip irrigation,while the water mainly concentrated below the 20 cm layer under the root irrigation,which is closely related with the irrigation time and irrigation amount;(2)root irrigation can keep the soil moisture better,while the surface soil water under drip irrigation can lost easily;(3)the growth of three species under root irrigation are greater than that under the drip irrigation,and root irrigation can better promote plant growth.Root irrigation is the ideal irrigation method on the three typical desert plants.