不同材质保水剂对玉米生长综合效率的DEA模型分析

Analysis of Impact of Different Super Absorbent Polymer on Comprehensive Efficiency of Maize Growth Based on the DEA Model

为进一步促进保水剂在干旱区农业生产和生态修复中的合理应用,利用数据包络分析(Data Envelopment Analysis,DEA)模型评价不同材质保水剂施用在干旱区荒漠土壤时对生物生长促进的综合效率,从而确定在该环境中最具效率的保水剂品种。本研究选取AA-AH,KCE和PAA3种保水剂,首先测试了3种保水剂在模拟当地自然环境基本特征条件下的基本特性,其次将它们应用于室内玉米盆栽种植试验,最后在上述试验结果的基础上使用DEA模型分析了3种不同保水剂在荒漠土壤中对生物生长的促进作用,结果表明:(1)PAA的耐盐性能较好,而AA-AH的环境持久性最好,AA-HA保水剂的施用对土壤的副作用最小;(2)3种保水剂都有显著提高玉米出苗率和土壤持水能力,其中AA-HA对增加土壤持水性能的效果最好,PAA促进玉米株高的效果最好,保水剂浓度的增加并不能显著改善土壤持水性能,但不同保水剂功效在同等浓度下表现也不同,如KCE在20g/m^2浓度下增加玉米地面生物量的效果最好,而AA-AH则在40g/m^2下表现最佳。综合评价表明3种保水剂在0.6g浓度时玉米生长的综合效率都达到DEA有效值,当浓度增加到1.2g时玉米生长的综合效率均下降,降幅为:PAA>KCE>AA-HA,说明AA-HA在低浓度使用量下在荒漠土壤环境中使用时效率最佳的。综上所述保水剂在干旱荒漠地区的农业生产和荒漠生态修复方面有很好的应用前景。面对品种繁多的保水剂产品,DEA模型可以用来分析评价最适合当地应用环境的品种,本研究为提高保水剂对植物生长综合效率及合理选用保水剂提供了理论方法。

In order to further promote the reasonable application of super absorbent polymer r(SAP)in the agricultural production and ecological restoration in arid areas,using the DEA model,we evaluated the comprehensive efficiency of biological growth when different SAPs were applied to desert soil in arid area to promote biological growth,thus the most efficient SAPs were determined.This study selected three SAPs(AA-AH,KCE and PAA),the basic properties of three SAPs were tested firstly,then SAPs were applied to the experiment of maize planting.The results were analyzed by DEA model.The results are as follows.(1)The salt tolerance of PAA is the best,the environmental persistence of AA-AH is the best,and the side effect of AA-AH ton the soil is the fewest.(2)All three SAPs can significantly improve the sprouting rate of maize and the water retention of soil,the AA-AH has the best effect on the water retention and PAA has the best effect on increasing maize plant height.Higher concentrations of SAPs cannot improve the soil water retention significantly,but different SAPs have different performance in the same concentration,KCE has thebest effect on increasing the ground biomass of maize in the concentration of 20 g/m2 and AA-AH has the best effect he concentration of 40 g/m2.The comprehensive evaluation proved that the comprehensive efficiency of all three SAPs could reach DEA effective value in the concentration of 0.6 g,the growth efficiency of maize all decreased when the concentration of three types of SAPs reached 1.2 g,reduced rate decreased in the order:PAA>KCE>AA-AH.The result shows that AA-AH has the best effect in desert soil under low concentration.Conclusion demonstrated that the SAP has good application prospect in the agricultural production and ecological restoration in arid areas.DEA model can analyze and evaluate the most suitable one from large variety of SAPs,this study provides theoretical basis for increasing the comprehensive efficiency of SAPs on plant growth and the reasonable application of SAPs.The absorption capacity of PAA in deionized water,0.9% NaCl solution,alkali water,tap water,well water and soil leaching liquor were better than the other two super absorbent polymer.The suction force ratio of three super absorbent polymers decreased with repeated suction increase under 70 celsius system,the repeated suction capacity of AA-AH is the best.The water retention of super absorbent polymers increased with the concentration,the water retention of KCE in the concentration of 0.6 g is the best,and the water retention of AA-AH in the concentration of 1.2 g is the best.the pH of soil increases with the super absorbent polymers concentration,the sequence is KCE>PAA>AA-HA.The germination rate of maize and drought resistance significantly increased(p<0.05),which AA-HA super absorbent polymer increased capacity of drought resistant maize(p<0.05),but the best three kinds of super absorbent polymers concentration is more than 1.2 g after the drought resistance of maize does not significantly increase at the concentration of 0.6 g(p>0.05).The PAA increased maize height more than the other two super absorbent polymers significantly;KCE at the concentration of 0.6 g had the best effect on increasing maize ground biomass,AA-AH at the concentration of 1.2 g had the best effect on increasing maize ground biomass;when the three kinds of super absorbent polymers were at the concentration of 0.6 g,maize growth comprehensive efficiency could achieve the effective value of DEA,when the concentration increased to comprehensive the efficiency of 1.2 g the growth of maize decreased,a decline sequence was:PAA>MP 3005 KCE>AA-HA.This study provides theoretical basis for the research of DEA model in the evaluation of the comprehensive efficiency of super absorbent polymers on plant growth and the reasonable application of super absorbent polymers in arid area.