气候变化背景下吉林省风蚀气候侵蚀力时空特征

Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Wind Erosion Climatic Erosivity Under Climate Change in Jilin Province

利用吉林省50个气象站1961—2015年的观测资料,计算了吉林省不同区域的风蚀气候因子指数,并分析其变化特征及其影响因子。结果表明:风蚀气候因子指数C值从1月开始逐渐升高,在4月达到最高,7月最低。C值在季节变化上表现为春季>冬季>秋季>夏季。全年尺度上,C值呈显著的降低趋势(p<0.001),倾向率为-18.7/10a。春季、秋季和冬季C值降低趋势显著(p<0.001),夏季C值降低趋势不显著。年代际变化上,C值在近5a最低。风蚀气候因子指数呈由西向东逐渐递减的空间分布,西部风蚀气候侵蚀力最强,中部次之,东部最弱。吉林省各站风蚀气候因子指数均呈降低趋势,降低最显著的站点主要分布在中部。风速是西部风蚀气候因子指数的主要气候影响因子,大风日数是中部和东部的主要气候影响因子。

Based on the observation data from 50 meteorological stations during 1961 to 2015 in Jilin Province,the index of wind erosion climatic erosivity factor(C)and its influenced factors were analyzed.The result showed that the index of wind erosion climatic erosivity factor rose rapidly since January,reached the maximum in April and minimum in July.The seasonal features of Cvalue decreased in the order:spring>winter>autumn>summer.The annual feature of Cvalue decreased significantly,which the climatic tendency was-18.7/decade.Cvalues of spring,autumn,and winter decreased significantly,which the Cvalue of summer was not significantly.The decade feature of Cvalue was the lowest in recent five years.The index of wind erosion climatic erosivity factor decreased gradually from west to east.The wind erosion climatic erosivity in the west is the strongest,followed by the middle and the east.The Cvalues of meteorological stations in Jilin Province decreased,which the significant stations were located in the middle part.Wind speed was the primary climatic factor of the index of wind erosion climatic erosivity factor of west zone,while the strong wind days were the primary climatic factor of middle and east.