等高反坡阶对滇中云南松林下碳储量及增量分配格局的影响

Effects of Contour Reverse-Slope Terrace on Carbon Storage and Incremental Distribution in Understory Layer of Pinus yunnanensis Forest in Middle Yunnan Province

通过标准地调查和生物量实测相结合的方法,对布设等高反坡阶后滇中云南松林林下植被层和土壤层碳储量进行了估算,并分析了8 a后各层碳增量及分配格局。结果表明:(1)布设等高反坡阶后灌木叶、已分解凋落物及土壤层碳含量显著高于对照,对照和布设等高反坡阶处理下灌木层、草本层、凋落物层及土壤层碳含量变幅分别为441.2~484.4 g/kg,371.0~433.6 g/kg,70.4~458.5 g/kg,4.1~20.0 g/kg;(2)不同处理下林下植被层中凋落物层生物量最高,其次为灌木层、草本层,等高反坡阶处理下灌木层、草本层、凋落物层的生物量分别比对照显著高出8.17%,13.24%,9.29%,布设等高反坡阶显著提高了林下植被各层生物量;(3)林下植被层和土壤层碳储量表现为土壤层>凋落物层>灌木层>草本层,碳增量则表现为土壤层>凋落物层>草本层>灌木层,等高反坡阶处理下灌木层(高11.64%)、草本层(高15.63%)与土壤层(高50.74%)碳储量皆高于对照,灌木层、草本层、凋落物及土壤层碳增量与对照相比则分别增加了28.21%,27.17%,15.54%,34.92%。等高反坡阶可有效促进植物生长,提高林下植被层及土壤层碳储量的积累,因此人工造林时可因地制宜适度应用等高反坡阶措施,加快当地碳库及生态环境的恢复速率,提高云南松生态系统的生产能力。

Through the combination of standard survey and biomass measurement,the carbon storage of the undergrowth vegetation layer and soil layer of Yunnan pine forest under contour reverse-slope terrace was estimated,and the carbon increase of each layer after 8 years was analyzed.The results showed that:(1)The contents of carbon in shrub leaves,decomposed litter and soil layer under contour reverse-slope terrace were significantly higher than that of the control;and the carbon contents of shrub layer,herb layer,litter layer and soil layer under the control and contour reverse-slope terrace were 441.2~484.4 g/kg,371.0~433.6 g/kg,70.4~458.5 g/kg,4.1~20.0 g/kg,respectively;(2)the litter layer biomass in the understory vegetation layer was the highest under different treatments,followed by the shrub layer and the herb layer;the biomass of the shrub layer,the herb layer and the litter layer under contour reverse-slope terrace were significantly 8.17%,13.24%,9.29%higher than the control.respectively;the biomass of each layer of undergrowth vegetation layer significantly increased;(3)the carbon storage of understory vegetation layer and soil layer decreased in the order:soil layer>litter layer>shrub layer>herb layer;and carbon increment decreased in the order:soil layer>litter layer>herb Layer>shrub layer;carbon storage of shrub layer,herb layer and soil layer)was 11.64%,15.63%,50.74%higher than that of the control,respectively;the soil carbon increment in the shrub layer,herb layer,litter layer and soil layer increased by 28.21%,27.17%,15.54%and 34.92%,respectively.The measurement of contour reverse-slope terrace can effectively promote plant growth and increase the accumulation of carbon storage in the understory vegetation layer and soil layer.Therefore,it is possible to apply appropriate contour reverse-slope terrace measures in accordance with local conditions during the afforestation to accelerate the recovery of local carbon pools and ecological environment,and increase the production capacity of the Yunnan pine ecosystem.