等高反坡阶对滇中云南松林生态系统碳储量及增量分配格局的影响

Effects of Contour Reverse-Slope Terrace on Carbon Storage and Incremental Distribution of Pinus yunnanensis Forest Ecosystem in Middle of Yunnan Province

通过标准地调查和生物量实测相结合的方法,对布设等高反坡阶后滇中云南松林生态系统碳储量特征进行估算,并分析了8 a后生态系统各层碳增量及分配格局。结果表明:布设等高反坡阶后云南松林乔木层、凋落物层、灌木层和草本层生物量分别比对照高出9.07%,9.29%,8.17%和13.24%,各层高低依次表现为乔木层(75.65 t/hm^2)>凋落物层(23.69 t/hm^2)>灌木层(4.68 t/hm^2)>草本层(1.80 t/hm^2);等高反坡阶处理下云南松林生态系统碳储量比对照高出27.10%,各层碳储量由高到低依次为土壤层(132.09 t/hm^2)>乔木层(35.32 t/hm^2)>凋落物层(5.94 t/hm^2)>灌木层(2.11 t/hm^2)>草本层(0.74 t/hm^2),分别占总碳储量的72.12%,22.26%,3.86%,1.31%和0.45%。等高反坡阶处理下云南松林生态系统的碳增量显著高于对照(29.68%),乔木层、灌木层、草本层、凋落物和土壤层分别高出31.76%,28.21%,27.17%,15.54%和34.92%,说明等高反坡阶可有效促进植物生长,提高植被层及土壤层碳储量积累,因此人工造林时可因地制宜适度应用一定的等高反坡阶措施,加快当地碳库及生态环境的恢复速率,提高森林生态系统的生产能力。

Through the combination of standard survey and biomass measurement,the carbon storage,carbon increment and distribution of Pinus yunnanensis forest ecosystems of contour reverse-slope terrace after 8 years were analyzed in the middle of Yunnan Province.The results showed that the biomass of tree layer,litter layer,shrub layer and herb layer of Pinus yunnanensis forest of contour reverse-slope terrace was 9.07%,9.29%,8.17%and 13.24%higher than that of the control,respectively.The biomass under contour reverse-slope terrace of different layer decreased in the order:tree layer(75.65 t/hm^2)>litter layer(23.69 t/hm^2)>shrub layer(4.68 t/hm^2)>herb layer(1.80 t/hm^2);in the contour reverse-slope terrace,the carbon storage was 27.10%higher than that of the control;the carbon storage of each layer presented in the order:soil layer(132.09 t/hm^2)>tree layer(35.32 t/hm^2)>litter layer(5.94 t/hm^2)>shrub layer(2.11 t/hm^2)>herb layer(0.74 t/hm^2),which accounted for 72.12%,22.26%,3.86%,1.31%and 0.45%of the total carbon storage,respectively;the carbon increase of contour reverse-slope terrace was significantly higher than that of the control(29.68%),and the carbon increases of the tree layer,shrub layer,herb layer,litter layer and soil layer were 31.76%,28.21%,27.17%,15.54%and 34.92%higher than that of the control,respectively.In summary,the contour reverse-slope terrace can effectively promote plant growth and increase the accumulation of carbon storage in vegetation and soil layer.Therefore,it is possible to apply contour reverse-slope terrace measures to accelerate local carbon storage during artificial afforestation.If that′s the way,the recovery rate of the carbon pool and ecological environment can be accelerated,and the productivity of forest ecosystems can be increased.